CONSTRUfTION OF KAYAKS. 



487 



miiiate close to the stern. Between tlie masiiig and tlie itirbing is 

 the hole (pa) of the kayak, the rim of which is formed by a flat 

 piece of wood or whalebone bent into a hoop. It is flattened abaft 

 and sharply bent at the fore part. The masiug sometimes rests 

 Tipon a stud. 



Fig. 414. Kayak with covering of skin. (Museum fur Vrilkerkunde, Berlin.) 



The whole frame is covered with skins (aming) tightly sewed to- 

 gether and almost waterproof (Fig. 414). Usually the cover consists 

 of three or fonr skins of P(i<j(iiin/.s fwiidus. When put upon the 

 frame it is thoroxighly wetted and stividicd as much as possible so 

 as to fit tightly. It is tied by tlmngs to the rim of the hole. A small 

 piece of ivory is attached to each side of the niutang and serves to 

 fasten a thong which holds the kayak implements. Two more thongs 

 are sewed to the skin just bef<ire the hole, another one behind it, and 



twosnialler ulies near the stel'H. 



The dilfei'eiires lietween this boat and that of the Iglulirmiut may 

 be seen from Lyon"s description (page 320). Their kayak has a long 

 peak at the stern, which turns somewhat upward. The rim round 

 the hole is higher in front than at the back, whereas that of the 

 former has the rim of an ('(|ual hei-lit all around. At Savage Islands 

 Lyon saw the rims very neatly edged with ivory. The bow and the 

 stern of the Iglulik kayaks were equally sharp and they had from 

 sixty to seventy ribs. While the kayaks of the Oqomiut have only 

 in exceptional cases two lateral supports between keel and gunwale, 

 Lyon found in the boats of these natives seven siadnit, but no keel 

 at all. These boats are well i-epresented in Parry's engravings (II, 

 pp. 371 and 508). Instead of the thongs, ivory or wooden holders are 

 fastened abaft to prevent the weapons from slipping down. 



If the drawing in Lyon's book (p. 14) be correct, the kayak of 

 the Qaumauangmiut (Savage Islands) has a very long prow ending 

 in a sharp jjeak. the proportion to the stern being 3 to 1. Its stern is 

 much shorter and steeper tlian that of the mirthern boats and car- 

 ries the same holders as that of the Iglnlirniiut. 



Fig. 41.5. Model of a Repulse Bay ka. 



The model of a Repulse P.a 

 The rim of the hole is in tlie sa 

 the fore part resting on a rib b- 



Wiislniigton. OSISO.) 



•esented in Fig. 41.5. 

 n tlie Iglulik kayak, 

 whereas in the others 



