SOCIAL LIFE — GAMES. 



567 



In winter gambling is one of the favnrito amnsements of the Es- 

 kimo. Pigs. 519-531 repre-sent tlie ajfi^auiiL;. used in a game some- 

 what similar to our cup and ball. The nmst primitive device is Fig. 

 519, a hare's skull with a number of holes drilled through it. A spec- 

 imen was kindly lent to me by Lucien M. Turner, who brought it 

 from Ungava Bay; but in Baffin Land exactly the same device is 

 in rise. Fig. 530 represents the head of a fox, in ivory; Fig. 521, 

 a polar bear. The specimen shown in Fig. 531 fe was brought from 

 Cumberland Sound by Kumlien. The neck of the bear is more 

 elaborate than the one shown in a. The attachment of the part rep- 

 resenting the hind legs is of some interest. The game is played as 

 follows: First, the skull or the piece of ivory must be thrown up and 

 caught ten times upon the stick in any one of the holes. Then, be- 

 ginning with the hole in front (the mouth), those of the middle line 

 'miist be caught. The three holes on the neck of the bear are double, 

 one crossing vertically, the other slanting backward, but both end- 

 ing in one hole on the neck. After the mouth has been caught upon 

 the stick the vertical hole in the neck is the next, then the oblique 

 one, and so on down the middle line of the animal's body. If, in the 

 first part of the game, the player misses twice he must give up the 

 pieces to his neighbor, who then takes his turn. In the second part 

 he is allowed to play on as long as he catches in any hole, even if it 

 be not the right one, but as soon as he misses he must give it up. 

 After having caught one hole he proceeds to the next, and the player 

 who first finishes all the holes has won the game. 



Fig. 522. Figures used in playing tingmiujang. a game ! 

 Berlin. TV A 6823.) } 



(Museum fur Volkerku 



A game similar to dice, called tingmiujang, i. e., images of birds, 

 is frequently played. A set of about fifteen figures like those repre- 

 sented in Fig. 533 belong to this game, some representing birds, 



