APPENDIX a 



— 38 - 



At Norway and on the steep slope towards the basin of the Norwegian Sea between 

 West Norway and Iceland, cod were found down to 360 and 540 m. deep. 



Prom his investigations at Iceland Schmidt, has worked out the following table, which 

 shows the distribution of the cod according to size (age) and depth, within and outside the 

 fjords of East Iceland. 



East Iceland, 24*1' — 28*" July, 1903 

 Representation of the distribution of the cod according to size (age) and depth. 



(NB. The cod were taken on hooks.) 



It appears from this, that the Iceland cod seek the deep water at a length of 40 cm. and 

 onwards, whilst the younger year-groups occur principally in much smaller depths. 



This can be taken as the general rule except at the spawning time, when the large spawning 

 cod wander in towards the coast. The German representative statistic and the English and 

 Scottish investigations of the North Sea banks, show principally that the younger, half-grown 

 cod are present on the shallower North Sea banks the whole year round. Thus, for example, 

 cod between 30 and 60 cm. in length were taken at small depths in the trawls of the research- 

 steamer "Huxley" and of the fishing steamers on the North Sea banks. 



It must not be forgotten, however, that exceptions to this rule also occur. Thus, in the 

 Barents Sea, not a few cod of about 20 cm. in length were found in depths of 200 and 400 m, 

 and the 0-group occurred at some places in the North Sea down to 1 00 m. As we shall see 

 later, cod are also pelagic in the water at times. 



These differences and ii'regularities appear still more clearly when we study the migra- 

 tions of the cod, the most difficult of all fishery problems, for whose solution all methods of 

 research and the investigation of all stages of life must be called in to aid. 



After the above sketch of the spawning-migrations of the cod and of the passive migra- 

 tions undergone by their eggs, larvae and young fish under the influence of the oceanic currents, 

 we shall mention briefly in the following pages, their wanderings during the other stages of 

 life. For this, unfortunately, we are not in the favourable position of being able to base our 



