APPENDIX J: HOLLAND 



60 — 



The total number of Dutch ships that practised the herring-fishery in 1903, amounted 



to 784. 



2. The cod-, haddock- etc. fishery with long-lines, belongs also to the oldest branches 

 of the Dutch fisheries-industry. One part of the business was the cod-fishery off Iceland, 

 another that in the North Sea and on the Doggerbank especially. The latter is still carried 

 on, the former has historical importance only. 



Vlaardingen and Maassluis were prominent in the Iceland business, long before they 

 became "herring towns" of importance. Iceland fishery always was a separate business; 

 it could not be combined with herring fishery, as the seasons for both were tho same. 

 There exists hardly any literature on this branch of Dutch fisheries; we only know that it 

 was flourishing at the end of the 16*'' and that it was continued during the 17'" and IS"- 

 centuries. We dispose of some statistics for the period 1781—1790 only. A few figures 

 suffice to show its extent at that time. 



Table XL. Iceland Cod Fisher; of Holland in the 18th centur; 



Since the latter part of the eighteenth century, the Dutch cod-fishery off Iceland never 

 flourished again. "The decay of the Iceland cod-fishery of Holland appears to have taken 

 its origin from protective duties in the Austrian Netherlands and France" (Beaujon, I.e. 

 p. 141). In the period 1844—53, from two to six ships, each making one voyage yearly, 

 went to Iceland to practice the cod-fishery with long-lines there; but since the second 

 half of the 19*'' century up to the present time, this branch of Dutch sea-fishery has nearly 

 been quite extinct. Of late, a few experiments have been made to restart this business: 

 in 1894 and 1895, with a larger ship (a shooner) from Vlaardingen, in 1901 with a sloop 

 from Zwartewaal, in 1902 with two fishing steamers from Vlaardingen and with two big 

 sloops from Middelharnis. In 1902, only one ship from Holland went to the Iceland waters, 

 there to fish with hooks; it landed its fish in Ymuiden. 



The cod-fishery in the North Sea and on the Doggerbank has always been a minor 

 branch of the Dutch trade and more or less an appendage of the herring-fisheries, inas- 

 much as most of the vessels used in the latter after St. Johns Day, were in winter and 

 spring sent to the Doggerbank for cod and haddock. The keelless boats from the North 

 Sea coast villages (Katwijk, Nordwijk, Egmont a. o.) combined cod-fishery on the Dogger- 

 bank with "the trade of the fresh" and so they did, at the end of the 16"' century already. 

 But the information to be found in literature on this peculiar branch of Dutch sea-fishery 

 is extremely poor. As early as 1589, the Dutch Kepubiic sent men-of-war "ter Dogge" i. e. 



