'488 PASSAGES OVER THE ATLANTIC. 



Ships hound to the Northward should cross the Equator between 25'' aad 

 30'' W., so as to avoid the unsettled Wind and Weather, whicH are mora 

 extreme near the South American coast than farther to the Eastward, and 

 on the other hand to get a more steady N.E. Trade after passing 6° N. 

 than exists farther to the Eastward. 



July. 



Ships hound to the Southward should pass to the Westward of the Cape 

 Verd Islands, where the N.E. Trade is stronger than to the Eastward. On 

 getting the first of the Southerly Wind, in about 10° N., they should stand 

 to the South-Eastward, making all the requisite Easting in the Northern 

 part of the Southerly Wind as it draws more Easterly near the Equator. 

 Between 10° and 4° N. they will probably experience an Easterly Current, 

 but this will help them to windward, and place them in a better position 

 for dealing with the very strong Westerly Current which prevails after 

 passing to the Southward of 4° N. 



Winds. — Referring to the Eastern half of the July Wind Chart for 

 Square 303, and taking S.E. by E. as a central point, then, when the 

 Wind is not from that point : — 



Between 0° «fe 2" S. the prob. is about 2 to 1 that it will be more Southerly. 

 2° & 4° S. „ „ 3tol 



4° & 6° S. „ „ 5 to 1 



1 





•I 



>» 

 ») 



6° & 8° S. „ „ 6 to 1 



8° & 10^ S. „ „ 3 to 1 



Showing that the Wind is much more Southerly than in June. The Wind 

 is more Southerly in July than in any other month. 



Current. — The Westerly Current in Square 303 is still very strong, 

 especially in the Northern half of the square, where the mean of four or 

 five observations is sometimes 35 miles in 24 hours I There is also much 

 Southerly sea in July. 



The Remarks on Wind, Square 303, give cases of ships which had 

 o^^ssed the Equator to the Westward of 30° W., getting hampered by the 

 South American coast. The Wind is also much more squally and 

 unsettled in Square 303 than in the squares to the Eastward of it, so that 

 ships will do well not to cross the Equator to the Westward of 25° to 28° W. 

 in July. 



Ships hound to the Northtcard may be guided very much by the longitude 

 in which they approach the Equator ; those from the Eastward may cross 

 between 20° and 25° W., as the Southerly Winds are slightly stronger on 

 the Eastern than on the Western side of Square 3, but they should be in 

 25° W. when in 10° N., so as to get a better N.E. Trade than that which 

 exists farther East Ships from the Westward would do well to cross ^he 

 Equator and stand to the Northward in about 30° W. 



