200 



Samuel Jackson, Assistant Secretary, Metropolitan Planning and 

 Development, Department of Housing and Urban Development; the 

 Honorable Harrison Loesch, Assistant Secretary, Public Land Man- 

 agement, Department of the Interior; and the Honorable Murray L. 

 Weidenbaum, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Economic 

 Policy were heard. Opinions have been submitted by the Comptroller 

 General, the Department of the Interior, the Environmental Pro- 

 tection Agency, and are incorporated herein. 



Section-by-Section Analysis 



Section 301. Short title. 



The short title of the act is the "National Coastal Zone Manage- 

 ment Act of 1972". 



Section 302. Congressional -findings 



This section asserts that there is a national interest in the effective 

 management, beneficial use protection and development of the coastal 

 zone. It is found that the coastal zone is important not only for pres- 

 ent needs, but for future generations as well because of the area's 

 broad natural, commercial, recreational, and industrial utilization. It 

 is found that because of these increasing and competing demands upon 

 the coastal zone, the area has lost many of its living resources and 

 that the fish, shellfish and other living marine resources are extremely 

 vulnerable to destruction by man's alterations. Because of the critical 

 needs within the coastal zone, it is foimd that present coastal State and 

 local institutions do not have sufficient authority to regulate utiliza- 

 tion of the land and water within the coastal zone. Therefore, Fed- 

 eral assistance is needed to aid the coastal States, local governments 

 and other vitally affected interests in developing land and water use 

 programs within the coastal zone. 



Section 303. Declaration of policy 



It is declared as policy to preserve, protect, develop and wherever 

 possible restore the resources of the Nation's coastal zone. The end 

 shall be achieved through Federal encouragement of management pro- 

 grams within the coastal zone which gives full consideration to eco- 

 logical, cultural, historical, and esthetic values as well as the need for 

 economic development. All Federal agencies engaging in programs of 

 the coastal zone have a duty and responsibility to cooperate and par- 

 ticipate in accomplishing the purposes of the act. The Congress also 

 declares that the policy includes encouragement of the participation 

 of the public, Federal, State, local governments, regional agencies, and 

 port authorities in the development of coastal zone management pro- 

 grams. The words "participate" and "participation" means more than 

 mere cooperation or coordination in the preparation of management 

 programs. The committee intends to emphasize the need for positive 

 participation by State agencies, local governments, regional and Fed- 

 eral agencies in the preparation of coastal zone programs. 



Section SOIf.. Defnitions 



This section defines the various terms used throughout the bill. Of 

 particular importance is the definition of "coastal zone". The coastal 

 zone is meant to include the non-Federal coastal waters and the non- 

 Federal land beneath the coastal waters, and the adjacent non-Federal 



