385 



both protect the environment and allow controlled uses within the 

 coastal zone. 



The bill before us today, H.K. 14146, which I coauthored, would 

 authorize the Secretary of Commerce to make grants to the coastal 

 States to develop management programs. 



Under the bill a State must : 



First, specify the zone boundaries ; 



Second, establish permissible activities within the zone area ; 



Third, designate particularly critical areas ; 



Fourth, issue guidelines on the priority of uses, and 



Fifth, describe the State's method of implementing the plan. 



In addition, the Secretary of Commerce is authorized to pay the 

 State up to 66 percent of the cost of the administration of the State 

 program. 



Mr. Chairman, of particular interest to me is a subsection, which I 

 authored, designed to protect State-established coastal sanctuaries, such 

 as exists off California, from federally authorized development. 



The State of California in 1955 created five marine sanctuaries to 

 protect the beaches from oil spills. In 1963, two more sanctuaries were 

 created. 



These State-established sanctuaries, which extend from the coastline 

 seaward to 3 miles, account for nearly a fourth of the entire California 

 coast. 



However, the Federal Government has jurisdiction outside the State 

 area, from 3 miles to 12 miles at sea. All too often, the Federal Govern- 

 ment has allowed development and drilling to the detriment of the 

 State program. 



A case in point is Santa Barbara where California established a 

 marine sanctuary banning the drilling of oil in the area under State 

 authority. 



Yet, outside the sanctuary — in the federally controlled area — ^the 

 Federal Government authorized drilling which resulted in the Janu- 

 ary 1969 blowout. This dramatically illustrated the point that oil 

 spills do not respect legal jurisdictional lines. 



In order to protect the desires of the citizens of the coastal States who 

 wish to establish marine sanctuaries, I offered a provision which "re- 

 quires that the Secretary of Commerce shall, to the maximum extent 

 practicable, apply the coastal zone program to waters immediately 

 adjacent to the coastal waters of a State, which the State has desig- 

 nated for specific preservation purposes." The Merchant Marines and 

 Fisheries Committee approved this provision. 



Our Federal policy must be in support of State laws ; for without 

 conformity. State laws may be useless. 



Our coasts are both a State and National treasure, and must be pro- 

 tected from unwise, ill-planned usage. The bill before us today would 

 be a giant step toward the establishment of a rational policy to meet 

 present demands and also to protect future needs. 



?.Ir. Lexxon. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gentleman from Ohio 

 (Mr. Vanik). 



Mr. Vanik. Mr, Chairman, I take this time, first of all, to commend 

 the gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Lennon) for his leadership 

 on this bill. I certainly hope he might be considered by the President as 



