513 



resources, and for other purposes", approved August 3, 196S (16 U.S.C. 1221), 

 is amended by striking out "That Congress finds"' immediately after the enacting 

 clause and inserting in lieu thereof the following : 



"TITLE I— PROTECTION AND RESTORATION OF ESTUARINE AREAS 



"Section 1. The Congress finds". 



Sec. 2. Such Act of August 3, 1968 (16 U.S.C. 1221-1226), is amended by adding 

 at the end thereof the following new title : 



"TITLE II— MANAGEMENT OF THE NATIONAL 

 ESTUARINE AND COASTAL ZONE 



"Sec. 201. This title may be cited as the 'National Estuarine and Coastal Zone 

 Management Act of 1971'. 



Sec 202. (a) Definitions.— 



"For the purposes of this title — 



"(1) 'Estuary' means all or part of the mouth of a river or stream or other 

 body of water having unimpaired natural connection with open sea and within 

 which the sea water is measurably diluted with fresh water derived from land 

 drainage. 



"(2) 'Coastal zone' means the land, waters, and lands beneath the waters in 

 close proximity to the coastline (including the Great Lakes) and strongly in- 

 fluenced by each other. For purposes of identifying the objects of planning, 

 management, and regulatory programs, the coastal zone extends seaward to a 

 depth of two hundred meters or beyond that limit to where the depth of the 

 superjacent waters admits of the exploitation of the natural resources of the 

 submarine areas and to similar submarine areas adjacent to islands. Within the 

 coastal zone as defined in this paragraph are included areas influenced or affected 

 by water from an estuary such as, but not limited to, salt marshes, coastal and 

 intertidal areas, sounds, embayments, harbors, lagoons, inshore waters, and 

 channels. 



"(3) 'Coastal State' means any State of the United States bordering on the 

 Atlantic, Pacific, or gulf coast or the Great Lakes, and includes the Common- 

 wealth of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. 



" (4) 'Secretary' means the Secretary of the Interior. 



"(b) Congressional Findings ; Declaration of Policy. — 



" (1) As a result of a comprehensive study carried out pursuant to section 2(a) 

 of title I of this Act and the information derived therefrom with respect to 

 estuaries and the coastal zone as to (A) their wildlife and recreational potential, 

 their ecology, their value to the marine, anadromous, and shell fisheries and their 

 value, (B) their importance to navigation, their value for flood, hurricane, and 

 erosion control, their mineral value, and the value of submerged land underlying 

 the waters of the estuaries, (C) the value of such areas for more intensive devel- 

 opment for economic use for commercial and industrial developments, and (D) 

 the effects of pollution, including sedimentation, in the estuaries and estuarine 

 zones of the United States on navigation, flood control, recreation, water supply 

 and water power, and on other beneficial purposes, the Congress finds and de- 

 clares that it is necessary to establish a national policy to encourage and assist 

 the coastal States to exercise effectively their responsibilities over the Nation's 

 estuarine and coastal zones through development and implementation of compre- 

 hensive management programs to achieve effective use of the coastal zone through 

 a balance between development and protection of the natural environment. 



"(2) Congress hereby finds that there is a national interest in the effective 

 management, beneficial use, protection, and development of the land and water 

 resources of the Nation's estuarine and coastal zone for the following reasons : 



"(A) The pressures of population growth and economic development, includ- 

 ing requirements for industrial, commercial, residential development, recreation, 

 exploitation of mineral resources, and fossil fuels, transportation and other 

 navigation, waste disposal, and exploitation of fish and other living marine 

 resources, impose an increasing number of conflicting demands upon the finite 

 resources of the coastal zone. 



"(B) Estuaries, marshlands, and other parts of the coastal zone contain ex- 

 tremely valuable habitat for fish and wildlife which move beyond State boun- 

 daries ; such areas are vital to the life support of a major part of the Nation's 



