578 



effort for energy self reliance, as the area of more offshore oil and gas 

 activity and the site of new energy facilities and deepwater ports. 



The Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 was considered a sound 

 piece of legislation, and implementation of the program had been suc- 

 cessful. But, the act did not provide for the problems that States 

 were to have in view of increased energy-related activities in the coastal 

 zone. In 1975, the Supreme Court in United States v. Maine deter- 

 mined that the Federal Government had sole jurisdiction over resource 

 development beyond the three mile limit. Thus, the States would have 

 no part in any decision concerning development on the Outer Conti- 

 nental Shelf (OCS) nor would the States benefit from any lease 

 bonuses or royalties. In this light efforts to amend the Coastal Zone 

 Management Act of 1972 were initiated. 



Soon after the 94th Congress began, Senator Ernest F. Rollings 

 introduced S. 586 on February 5, 1975, which was to become the chief 

 coastal zone legislation of the 94th Congress. It was referred to the 

 Senate Committee on Commerce, reported (S. Kept. 94-277) on 

 July 11, 1975. and passed (73-15) by ih^ Senate on July 16, 1975. 

 Senator Harrison A. Williams introduced another bill, S. 470, on 

 Januarv 28, 1975, to amend the Coastal Zone Management Act by 

 suspending Federal oil and gas leasing until mid- 1976. S. 826, intro- 

 duced by Senator Clifford Case on February 25, 1975 also sought to 

 amend the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 by expanding the 

 definition of energy facilities, providing for prohil)ition of leasing 

 activities if States were to disapprove and by establishing an affected 

 coastal States fund. 



In the House of Representatives, efforts to amend the Coastal Zone 

 Management Act were also undertaken. Similar bills H.R. 1776 intro- 

 duced by Representative Robert E. Bauman on January 23, 1975, H.R. 

 2928 introduced by Representative Burt L. Talcott on February 5, 

 1975, H.R. 3124 introduced by Rep. Bauman on February 1, 1975. 

 and H.R. 3481 introduced by Representative Robert A. Roe on Febru- 

 ary 20, 1975, sought to amend the Coastal Zone Management Act by 

 establishing coatsal State funds and providing for interstate coordina- 

 tion. Representative Edwin B. Forsvthe introduced three similar bills, 

 H.R. 3637 on February 25, 1975, H.R. 4300 on March 5, 1975 and 

 H.R. 5916 on April 10, 1975. which sought to broaden the definition 

 of energy facilities, provide for State approval of Federal leases, and 

 tho^ establishment of an affected coastal States fund. These bills were 

 similar to S. 826 in the Senate. Representative Gerry Studds intro- 

 duced H.R. 3807 on February 26, 1975, and H.R. 6255 on April 22, 

 1975, both identical and providing for coastal impact funds, interstate 

 coordination and research assistance, H.R. 3981, introduced bv Rep- 

 resentative John M. Murphy on February 27, 1975, and similar to 

 H.R. 4858 introduced by Representative James J. Howard and S. 586 

 in the Senate, was to be the chief coastal zone bill of the House, It 

 was reported (H. Rept, 94-878) on March 4, 1976, and passed (370- 

 14) bv the House on March 11. 1976, Another bill. H,R. 6090, intro- 

 duced bv Representative David C. Treen on April 16. 1976, sought 

 to establish a marine resources conservation and development fund. 

 All were referred to the House Committee on Merchant Marine and 

 Fisheries. 



