999 

 APPENDIX I 



Net Adverse Impacts From Coastal Energy Activity in the Great 



Lakes ^ 



The Great Lakes region does not face the prospect of OCS activity 

 (all waters are state controlled) , deep water ports (the maximum depth 

 of dredged navigation channels is currently 27'), or Liquified Natural 

 Gas Activity (LNG is received in large supertankers too big for the 

 Great Lakes navigation system and is then processed near the receiv- 

 ing ocean port because of its volatile nature). Thus the only "coastal 

 energy activity" occurring or projected to occur in the Great Lakes 

 region is, "the location, construction, expansion, or operation of vessel 

 loading docks, terminals, and storage facilities used for the transporta- 

 tion of coal or oil." ^ There is currently much of this activity occurring, 

 and increases are expected in the future. 



In 1970, the US Great Lakes ports received 32.8 million tons of coal 

 and shipped out 49.1 million tons (the remaining 17 went to Canada).^ 

 Also in 1970, the US ports shipped 7.5 million tons of petroleum and 

 received 6.8 million tons.* By 1974, this amount had nearly doubled : 

 12.7 million tons of oil (95 million barrels or I1/2 of US oil consump- 

 tion) were received by US ports in a fleet of 39 tankers.^ Most oil is 

 shipped from Chicago to other ports along Lake Michigan while most 

 coal is shipped out of Toledo (21 million tons in 1974) ® to power 

 plants and manufacturers in the Detroit area via Lakes Erie and St. 

 Clair.s 



The prospects of future coal activity increases on the Great Lakes 

 are good. By 1990, coal production in the Northern Great Plains is ex- 

 pected to increase 500% under Business as LTsual conditions and 1100% 

 under accelerated development conditions, 3 to 5 times the rates of in- 

 creases nationally.^ Much of the coal will go to the Great Lakes region, 

 especially Lake Superior. The Port of Superior currently receives one 

 million tons annually and the ITpper Great Lakes Regional Commis- 

 sion has estimated that this will increase to 8 million tons by 1980.^ 

 This Northern Great Plains coal will supplement the midwestern and 

 appalachian coal activity that currently makes up the preponderance 

 of Great Lakes coal activity. 



1 Prepared by the Office of Coastal Zone Management, NOAA, at the request of the 

 Suboommlttoe on Oceanography. 



2 Proposed DuPont-Murphy Amendment to H.R. 3981; definition of "coastal energy 

 activity." 



3 Great Lakes Basin Commission framework study ; appendix C9 Commercial navigation ; 

 pages 48-55. 



« Ibid. 



"Telecommunication with Nick McCullough and staff, Great Lakes Commission, Jan. 21, 

 1976. 



•Telecommunication with Jerry Kotes. Great Lakes Basin Commission Standing Commit- 

 tee on Coastal Manaeement staff. Jan. 21. 1976. 



' Project Independence Report, tables II-IS and 11-21. pages 101 and 108. 



* Telecommunication with Marian Cox, Wisconsin, State Planning Office, Jan. 21, 1976. 



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65-319 O - 76 



