21 



Certain adjectives are converted by the addition of a final e to an altered base, e.g. 



rJiy60HMM "deep" rJiydJKe "deeper" 



JlOporofi "dear" flOpOffie "dearer" 



Frequently used comparative adverbs of this latter type are given in a reference listing 



(REFERENCE) 



With comparative adverbs of these two types "than" is expressed either by ^eM 

 or simply by construing the comparative item in the genitive case; e.g. , 



BoJira rJiy6)Ke SCeX flpyrwx peK B Espone. "The Volga is deeper than all the 



Bojira rjiyfiffle ^eu see flpyrwe peKM B EBpone. other rivers in Europe." 



NUMBERS 



Fortunately for the student of Scientific Russian, numbers will usually be encount- 

 ered as symbols(l,2,3,etc.) rather than as words. This is indeed fortunate, since the 

 declension pattern of numbers in Russian is decidedly a mixed one. All of the forms will 

 be given in Section II(PARADIGMS), but the following groupings may be presented here: 



1) Number 1 has a complete adjectival declension. 



2) Numbers 2, 3 and 4 have similar treatment to each other. 



3) Numbers 5-10, 11-19, 20, 30, 50, 60, 70 and 80 are declined like the noun flsepb. 



4) Numbers 40, 90 and 100 are similar in their limited variations. 



5) Numbers 200, 300 and 400 are alike. 



6) Numbers 500, 600, 700, 800 and 900 are alike. 



7) Numbers 1,000 and 1,000,000 are declined as regular nouns, fern, and masc. 

 respectively. 



Differences in Symbolism 



Though English and Russian both use the same "Arabic" symbols(l,2,3,etc.), there 

 is a slight difference in the use of the comma and the decimal point: the usage of one 

 language is the reverse of the other; e.g. , 



English 3,000 = Russian 3.000 



1 . 50 1 , 50 



Case Usage after Numbers 



In cases GDPI nouns and adjectives have the same forms after numbers as they would 

 have without the presence of numbers . 



When the number is used in the N or A case, dependent nouns and adjectives are put in 

 the G-pl. after all numbers above 5, e.g. 



ITHTt HOBUX MHCTpyMeHTOB "five new instruments" 



After 2, 3 or 4 the noun occurs in the G-sg. , though the adjective may be either in the 

 N -pi . or the G -pi . ; e.g., 



TpH HOBHX MHCTpyMeHTa "three new instruments" 



flse HOBUe CTaTbM "'two new articles" 



In compound numbers the last element(2/3/4 : 5/above) determines this case selection. 



In the NA cases there are two forms for 2 and also for the word "both"; fl;Ba,oda 3^re 

 used with nouns of masc. or neut. gender, £Be,ode for fem. nouns. 



flBa/oda BMfla "two/both types" flBe/o6e KapTH "two/both maps" 



flBa/o6a 3J],aHHfl "two/both buildings" 



