57 



V Identifying Past Active Participles and Past Gerunds; Determining Infinitives 



These two categories have a similar formation and so may be listed together. It 

 should be remembered, however, that the participles may appear with adjective endings 

 other than the masc. N-sg. ending used in the examples, while the gerunds, being adverbs, 

 are non-varying. The reflexive ending for participles is always -Cfl, but always -Cb for 

 gerunds . 



VI Identifying Past Passive Participles and Determining Infinitives 



Since the past passive participle is such a frequent form, both in spoken and 

 written Russian, great care should be taken in identifying it. One complicating circum- 

 stance is the fact that certain consonant changes(described on page 32) take place in 

 this grammatical category. The examples below will be given in the masc. ,N-sg. form; 

 remember that one h is dropped in the short forms; e.g. , onucaHHOB : onwcaHO. 



Participial Ending 



Infinitive Ending 



Examples 



BHdBJlBHHHH 



OdlHCHBHHHM 



COTBOpBHHHfi 



BHdBJIHTb 



OdtflCHMTb 



COTBOpHTb 



-djIGHHHfi 

 -BJIBHHHM 

 -MJIBHHHM 

 -nJIBHHHM 

 -$JI6HHHil 



-dMTb 

 -BHTb 

 -MMTb 

 -nMTb 

 -d[)MTb 



BJIKldJIBHHUW 



flaBJlBHHUM 



HOpMJIBHHHM 



KynJlBHHHM 



rpacfjJIBHHHM 



BJIiOdHTb 



flaSHTb 



HOpMMTb 



KynMTb 

 rpa(|)HTb 



-ffiBHHUfi 



-HCMTb SayTIOHCeHHHM 



-3HTb rpyKBHHHM 



-flWTb CTyffiBHHHM 



SayTKffiWTb 



rpysMTb 



CTyflHTb 



