52 



By the term " breed " I have intended to indicate such divisions of 

 animals with reference to characteristic differences as are generally 

 recognized, especially in Great Britain, where the draft-horse breeds 

 are recognized as Shire, or Cart horses, Clydesdale, and Suffolk 

 Punch ; and where the cattle are divided into such recognized breeds 

 as Short-horns, or Durhanis, Herefords, Devons, Sussex, Galloways, 

 Aberdeen-Angus, Ayrshires, etc. I mention these divisions to illus- 

 trate what we mean by the term " breed," in order that you may the 

 more thoroughly and completely adapt your answers to the purposes 

 of my inquiry. 



Trusting that you will find leisure among your more pressing duties 

 to give this matter your attention, or at least that you will be able to 

 refer me to some recognized authority upon this subject who will be 

 able to answer fully, completely and accurately. 



I have the honor to remain. 



Your obedient servant, 

 [Signed] Samuel Dvsart. 



THE RESPONSE OF M. TISSERAND. 



Hon, Satnuel Dysart, President of the Illinois State Board of 

 Agriculture, Franklin Grove, III. : 



My Dear Sir, — In your letter of June 29 last you asked me a 

 number of questions relating to the races of draft horses now existing 

 in France. In answering your request I hope that the information I 

 am going to give you will enable you to fulfil your task and to give 

 to the breeding of our draft horses in the United States a reputation, 

 protecting at the same time the interests of your own country and 

 the value of our draft breeds here in France. 



First of all it is important, as you suggest, to well understand the 

 meaning of the word race as used in the French language. 



The following is the definition which we must bear in mind. Race 

 signifies a whole group of animals sprung from one another and 

 possessing features of conformation and aptitudes which are trans- 

 mitted with certainty from one individual to another. 



The races are therefore, in the same kind of animals, modifications 

 of the type of the kind which have become permanent by the con- 

 tinued action of the causes which originally produced them. 



