STATE BEE-KEEPERS ASSOCIATION. Il7 



Mr. France — The cause of pickled brood? In short. I 

 don't know, but certain conditions seem to produce it so that 

 with a series of experience on those lines we can draw some 

 conclusions as to what that might be. A shortage of proper 

 food for the larval bee and a lack of proper temperature 

 are the two main causes. Now to upset that, in one of the 

 counties on the lake shore up here where every colony had 

 pickled brood, it was as serious as if it had been foul brood. 

 The colonies were reduced down badly. I fed every other 

 colony, strengthened them and warmed the hives up by out- 

 side wrappings, and it disappeared in these and not in the 

 others. The next year, in the same yard and in the same 

 locality, I asked them, between the time of fruit-blossom 

 and clover — there was about ten days' lapse of no honey- 

 flow — that each day these bees be fed a little, so that they 

 never knew the lapse between dandelion and clover bloom. 

 It kept up good, and they had no pickled brood, but the others 

 that were not treated did have. It was there at the time 

 when we got the honey-flow. You must go back to the time 

 when it began. Pickled brood, I don't believe, will ever lead . 

 to foul brood. Pickled brood will dry down in the cell 

 and it will be lost. The bees will probably take care of it 

 themselves. 



Mr. Abbott — Where did that name "pickled brood" come 

 from? They make pickles in Missouri with vinegar and 

 salt. Why is it called pickled brood? 



Mr. France — Dr. Howard gave it that name, as near as 

 I know. 



Mr. Abbott — Did he assign any reason? 



Mr. France — No, there was somewhat of a sourness there, 

 but we get that also in black brood. 



Dr. Miller — There wasn't any black brood then, so that 

 didn't count in the case, but there was the appearance of 

 sourness, or being pickled. 



Mr. Abbott — That's so. Dr. Miller would make an edu- 

 cator. 



Pres. York — If. Mr. Abbott would read the American Bee 

 Journal he would find out all about it! 



Dr. Miller — He has. 



Pres. York — Dr. Howard examined a certain sample of 

 diseased brood, then wrote an article about it, and it was 

 published in the American Bee Journal. Afterwards he had 

 it printed to insert in his book on "Foul Brood." It was 

 entitled "Pickled Brood and its Causes." Dr. Howard named 

 the new disease "pickled brood." 



Mr. Moore — I want to give Mr. France a chance to take 

 something back. He was quoted in a late number of the 

 American Bee Journal, in a foul brood article, I believe, 

 as saying that pickled or foul brood may begin from a lack 

 of prosperity in the colony, chilling, starvation, etc. 



Mr. France — That foul brood might be produced by that ? 



Mr. Moore — Yes, sir. 



Mr. France — If I said so I doubt whether I was under- 

 stood by the reporter. ' 



Mr. Johnson — I have the article here of the report and I 



