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Apbil 6, 1»05. t 



TheWeefcly Florists* Review. 



U3\ 



A Part of the Display of Cut Orchids at the Boston Spring Show. 



roses are observed on the left. These 

 narcissi are stemmed in the same yv&j 

 as the roses. 



This basket is another of the luncheon 

 table series. Geetrxjde Blair. 



- BUTTED VS. LAPPED GLASS. 



The method of lapping glass, either 

 on the roof, -the sides or in the gables 

 of greenhouses is antiquated. The mod- 

 ern method is to butt the glass wherever 

 it is used in the construction of green- 

 houses. In order to secure a tight roof 

 and to keep it so for a period of ten 

 or twelve years in the lapped method, 

 there are too many "ifs" to eliminate; 

 "If" good putty is used; "if" it is 

 done in warm, dry weather; "if" the 

 sash bars are constantly kept painted 

 inside and out; "if" experienced and 

 trustworthy men are ' employed on the 

 job, etc. 



I'or every good point that can be ad- 

 vanced for lapped glazing, at least two 

 good points can be established for butted 

 glazing of greenhouses. By following eith- 

 er method a comparatively tight Aouse can 

 be constructed; by neither an absolutely 

 tight one. Many florists of long experi- 

 ence are agreed that it is not necessary, 

 in fact, that it is not desirable, to have 

 an air-tight house for the ordinary cut 

 flower and plant establishment. It must, 

 however, be admitted that a roof of 

 butted glass requires more pitch than 

 one where the glass is lapped. 



In my first houses all the glass was 

 lapped and puttied. In those days our 

 houses were constructed of sash 3x6 feet 

 and these were glazed and puttied before 

 they were secured to the roof. Later, 

 when wider houses were built, sash bars 

 came into vogue and these, of course, 

 required fastening to the roof before the 

 glazing could be done. Here the patent 

 glazing points and the putty bulb first 

 came into requisition. 



After this the modem and much supe- 

 rior system of butting the glass came 

 into use. In this system the tongue of 

 the rafter or sash bar is not quite so 

 high as where the glass is lapped and 

 in place of glazing' points and putty a 

 half ronnd cap with a groove that just 

 nicely, fits over the tongue is used and 

 firmly securefl to the rafter by No. 9 

 1^-inch round headed screws. Double 



diamond glass 16x16 or 16x24 is now 

 most largely used in the construction of 

 commercial greenhouses. In the former 

 size you have four, while in the latter you 

 have only two sides for matching joints. 

 But, on the other hand, with the larger 

 glass there are only two-thirds the num- 

 ber of joints that there will be with the 

 smaller panes. 



In laying the glass, begin at the gut- 

 ter line and finish the row at the ridge. 

 Where the rafters or sash bars have 

 been set well and true, and if the spac- 

 ing has been properly attended to, it is 

 really a pleasure to lay the glass. If, 

 however, the joint is not tight where 

 the two panes come together, turn the 

 pane over. If the joint is still unsatis- 

 factory, turn the pane end for end. By 

 pursuing tbis plan the joints will be suffi- 

 ciently tight for all practical purposes. 

 After laying two rows of glass, put on 

 a cap and put in a screw four to six 

 inches from the gutter and one an equal 

 distance from the ridge. After these the 

 distance between the screws should be 

 about fifteen inches. For hot-houses 

 where it may be desirable to secure an 

 absolutaly tight roof, thin strips of lead 

 or rubber <'an be used to butt the panes 

 against, thus securing an air tight as 

 well as a rain tight joint. 



The idvantages of butted over laj)ped 

 glass, to my mind, are: First, rapidity 

 in laying, since two men will lay as 

 much butted glass in one day as six men 

 can lay of lapped and puttied glass. 

 Second, it can be laid at almost any 

 season of the year. Third, it is less 

 difficult to repair when breakages occur, 

 and we nil know from sad experience 

 that these come but too often. Fourth 

 an air Hpace between two butted panes 

 will close up more rapidly in cold weather 

 than it will between two lapped panes. 

 Fifth, a lapped glass roof requires a 

 longer period to clear itself from a 

 heavy fall of snow or sleet, and it is 

 more difficult to clean off the scum and 

 filth on the inside than on a butted roof. 

 Sixth, the great majority of florists are 

 men of moderate financial resources, 

 therefore, as a rule, their houses have 

 cedar posts for the foundation and the 

 superstructure is frame. In eight or ten 

 years the roofs of these become as undu- 

 lating as the prairie lands in Wisconsin. 

 If the glass has been butted you draw 



the screws, remove the caps, take out the 

 glass, reset the posts, readjust the sup- 

 ports and purlins, reglaze, repaint and 

 when you are through the house is nearly 

 as good as new. Seventh, if for any 

 reason it becomes necessary to disman- 

 tle the house you are indeed in great 

 luck if the glass has been butted. 



In the course of the last five years it 

 fell to my lot to buy up two florists' 

 establishments" that for good reasons 

 were discontinued by the owners. On 

 these two places there were seven houses, 

 containing a little over 11,000 square 

 feet of glass and I do not believe that 

 over 100 feet of this was broken in the 

 removal. Had the glass on these houses 

 been lapped I should have considered it 

 good policy to have supplied my men with 

 long-handled hammers and given them 

 instructions to give these roofs what 

 "Paddy gave the drum." No, thank 

 you, no lapped glass for me. I have 

 tried both F.nd it is appropriate in this 

 connection to say, "The proof of the 

 pudding is in the eating." 



At pr3sent I have eleven houses, con- 

 taining over 30,000 square feet of glass. 

 On ten of these houses the glass is 

 butted. The other is an old house with 

 lapped glass and when this is rebuilt, 

 if an advocate of lapped glass were to 

 offer to do the glazing according to the 

 antiquated method gratis, I would de- 

 cline with thanks and gladly pay for the 

 glazing according to the modern method. 



In finishing let me remark that the 

 climate ia this part of Ontario is de- 

 cidedly damo and at times the mercury 

 creeps down 5 and 10 degrees and on 

 rare occasions 15 to 20 degrees below 

 zero. H. L. Janzen. 



Berlin. 



PIPING. 



I have a house 24x160 feet, twelve feet 

 to the ridge and with side walls five 

 feet high. How many pipes will it take 

 to keep it at 52 degrees with the outside 

 temperature 10 degrees below zero! The 

 boiler will be at the center of the house, 

 heating with hot water, using 3-inch 

 flows and 2-inch returns. G. W. R. 



With the boiler located in the center 

 of the house, so that the greatest length 

 of pipe to either end of the house from 



