1088 



The Weekly Florists^ Review* 



Shptkmber 13, 1900. 



NURSERV NEWS. 



AMIBICAN ASSOCIATION OF NUBSEBTHEN. 



Pres., Orlando Harrison. Berlin, Md.; Vice- 

 Prea., J. W. Hill, Dee Moines, la. ; Sec'y, Oeo. C. 

 Sealer. Bocheeter; Treas. C. L. Yates, Rocbester. 

 The 83d annual convenilon will be held at De- 

 troit, Mich., June, 1907. 



,: The apple-growing industry of the 

 iPacific northwest is having rapid devel- 

 opment, 



; G. A. NiDY, of La Junta, Colo., is 

 thinking of starting a nursery at Delta, 

 in that state. 



Jackson & Perkins Co., Newark, 

 N. Y., are now American agents for 

 Wm. Fell & Co., Hexham, England. 



The peony specialists report a big fall 

 business. Early planting is recommended 

 for those who want to make the most of 

 next season 's growth. 



J. B. Wild recently withdrew from 

 the firm of J. B. Wild & Bros., Sarcoxie, 

 Mo., the business being continued by the 

 remaining members as Wild Bros. Nur- 

 sery Co. 



A. P. flAGGE, landscape architect, 156 

 Fifth avenue. New York, visited Chicago 

 this week in search of stock for an 

 $18,000 «ontract he is executing at Co- 

 lumbus, O. 



The farm of 540 acres occupied by 

 the Hart Pioneer Nursery, Fort Scott, 

 Kan., now in the hands of a receiver, 

 has been sold and will be cleared of 

 nureery stock. 



The fall business in hardy perennials 

 will show another increase this season. 

 Many florists are making plantations for 

 cutting for summer stock and for show, 

 to help sales. 



II. S. CJraves, of Gainesville, Fla., is 

 making a specialty of the pecan. His 

 catalogue contains several pages of 

 planting and cultural directions, as well 

 as varietal descriptions. 



W. H. Wyman, of the Bay State 

 Nurseries, N. Abington, Mass., will 

 build a summer cottage in Maine next 

 season. He has bought ten acres of 

 land in Canton, on the shores of Anas- 

 saguntacook lake. 



It is suggested tliat uniform grading 

 of nursery stock be obtained by having 

 a committee of well-known men prepare 

 rules for measuring trees, the American 

 Association of Nurserymen then to en- 

 dorse or adopt the document. 



METHODS OF GROWING. 



[A paper by T. R. Peyton, rend before the 

 Missouri State Horticultural Society, continued 

 from the Uevlew of September 6.] 



Root-s;raftifl£. 



Root-grafting is the setting of a scion 

 upon a root. This operation is performed 

 during the winter, and the grafts are 

 packed in moss fiber and stored away in 

 a well-ventilated cellar, to remain there 

 until spring. If the entire root is used, 

 the operation might probably be called 

 whole-root grafting. But inasmuch as 

 the common method of planting grafts 

 and stocks for budding is performed with 

 a tool about eight inches in length, called 

 a dibble, it would not be practical to 

 undertake to plant the entire root of a 



No. 1 straight apple stock (many of 

 which are twelve to fourteen inches long) 

 with a tool only eight inches long. 



Therefore, this method of whole-root 

 grafting, which has been talked so much 

 about for the last eighteen years, is, to 

 the writer's personal knowledge, as a 

 practical propagator, purely a business 

 proposition and calculated to deceive. 



What is generally termed a whole-root 

 graft among nurserymen is the first cut 

 of collar graft, using about five inches 

 of the root, and about a 4-inch scion, 

 making the entire length of the graft 

 eight to nine inches. But the aver- 

 age tree planter is ignorant on this sub- 

 ject, and is laboring under the mistaken 

 idea that some nurseries use the entire 

 stock. 



This method, as we have stated, is not 



practical, and is not being used by any 



of our nurserymen. If only a portion of 



the root is used as stock, the operation 



' is properly piece-root grafting. 



It is apparent that the various pieces 

 made of the root may not be comparable. 

 The top piece includes the crown, at 

 which point the scion is inserted. The 

 lowest piece comprises the tip, or small- 

 est, and therefore weakest, portion of 

 the root. It is evident that there are two 

 distinct problems concerned in the con- 

 sideration of the comparative merits of 

 budded and root-grafted trees. One has 

 to do with the comparison of the budding 

 with the grafting, and the other with the 

 different methods of trimming or cutting 

 the stocks. .•'iT''-r'\ ->"> 



Bu<Idin2 venttt Root-sraftio£. 



It is perfectly well known that in gen- 

 eral, budding and grafting are equally 

 eflScacious methods of propagation, other 

 things being equal. In other words, the 

 mere fact that one tree comes from a 

 bud 'and another from a scion should 

 make no necessary difference in the value 

 of the tree. All the characteristic differ- 

 ences between budded and root-grafted 



trees are due to the methods of trimming 

 the stocks, and not to the actual methods 

 of propagation. The whole question^ 

 therefore, is one of comparative lengtli^ 

 and strength of roots (or stocks), • '■ 



A whole-rooted tree should be stronger 

 and have a more symmetrical root system 

 at a given age than a piece-rooted tree. 

 Yet, there have been frauds committed 

 in the name of whole-rooted trees. As a 

 matter of fact, there can be no perr 

 fectly whole-rooted trees, unieas the bud 

 or scion is set upon a seedling stock 

 which stands in its original position, for 

 some of the' main axis is broken off io 

 the process of digging. 



If the pieces of roots are very short ip 

 the making of root grafts, the graft has 

 too litle power to enable it to make a 

 strong growth in the first year. It is a 

 common practice with nurserymen, espe- 

 cially in the North, where the growing 

 season is short, to cut off the entire top 

 of root-grafted trees at the end of the 

 first season, in order to get a strong and 

 straight body. the following year. This 

 practice is perfectly justifiable, only that 

 the grower counts the age of his tree 

 from the date of the grafting. 



Eoot-grafted trees are very liable jto 

 make such short growth the first season 

 that if the terminal bud should be winter- 

 l;illed, the tree will branch too low, or if 

 a leader starts from a lateral bud, the 

 body will be crooked. 



A good nurseryman always wants his 

 first season's growth to be high enough 

 to form the entire body of the tree. At 

 the same actual age, and grown under 

 the same conditions as to soil and culti- 

 vation, the budded tree is nearly always 

 larger than the root-grafted trees as ordi- 

 narily grown. The larger and better the 

 piece of root upon which the graft is 

 made, however, the less the difference 

 will be. 



Care in Selecting Buds. 



Another important factor in growing 



CHOICE ORNAMENTALS 



100 ACRES 

 UNDER CILTIVATION. 



Specimen evergreens^ Boxwood 



Cataix>ouk Upon Riqukst 



HIRAM I. JONES, Union County Nurserios, ELIZABETH, N. J. 



PEONIES W. & T. SMITH CO., 



GENEVA, 

 N.Y. 



Wholesale Nurserymen 



Ornamental Trees, Fruit Trees, Shrubs, Vines, Clematis. 

 flO Tears. Send for our Wholesale Price List. 800 Acres. 



Mention The Rerlew when yon write. 



Growers for the Trade 



Hardy Perennials, Phlox, Dahlias, etc. 



Special arrangements for flllinK Cataloirue 

 Trade Orders. Our collection the roost 

 numerous and up-to date. 



Tha Palisades Nurseries, Sparkill, N.Y. 



Japan Iris 



- POR FALL PLANTING 



Fifty varieties at $3 OO per 100. 



GILBERT CO$T!CH,R0GHE$TER,N.Y. 



Nursery 

 Stock Cheap 



Berberis Thunbergii, all sizes 

 Rosa Lucida, 3 years 

 Viburnum Dentatum, 2 yean 

 Viburnum Cassinoides, 2 years 

 Prnnus Maritima, 2 years. 

 Write for prices. 



LITTLEFIELD & WYMAN 



Successors to Sidney UttleUeld 



NORTH ADINGTON,MASS. 



Mention The RcTlew when you write. 



