78 



The Weekly Florists' Review. 



Mabch le, 1908. 



MONEY 

 SAVED 



and better flowers 

 grown by installing the 



Morehead Trap 



Hundreds of our traps are in use In 

 greenhouses throuKhout the country. 

 They can do for you what they are 

 doing for others— Every pipe In your 

 steam system of equal heat. Write 

 for florists' booklet. 



MOREHEAD MFG. CO. 



1043 Grand River Ave., DETROIT. MICH. 



Mention The BeTlew when yon write. 



fireenhoose Heating. 



LOSS FROM SMOKING CHIMNEYS. 



The prevention of smolce in the burn- 

 ing of coal is a subject that ought to 

 be of special interest to florists, since 

 their product is so peculiarly susceptible 

 to injury from a smoky atmosphere. 

 The greenhouse man with smoky chim- 

 neys is not only exposing himself to 

 the danger of damage suits and at the 

 same time wasting coal by imperfect 

 combustion, but he is also damaging his 

 own stock. The following paragraphs 

 on the subject are quoted from a bul- 

 letin issued by the University of Illi- 

 nois, with the title of "Bulletin No. 

 15 — How to Burn Illinois Coal Without 

 Smoke": 



"The destruction of property and the 

 eflfect upon the health of the community 

 due to the smoke nuisance are matters 

 upon which there is not an opportunity 

 to dwell in this article. Both of these 

 subjects are now matters of common, 

 everyday knowledge to the residents of 

 our American cities. Something should 

 be said, however, about the fuel losses 

 due to smoking chimneys. The absence 

 of smoke by no means indicates perfect 

 combustion. It may simply mean ex- 

 cessive air dilution, and this means un- 

 economical operation. Statements are 

 frequently seen in the daily press to the 

 eflfect that one-quarter or one-third of the 

 fuel burned goes oflf in the black smoke 

 issuing from the chimney. Such state- 

 ments are very far from the truth. It 

 is doubtful if the black carbon particles 

 which issue from chimneys and which 

 we call soot ever amount to one per 

 cent of the fuel burned in any furnace. 

 It takes but a small amount of soot to 

 give a dense black color to smoke. If 

 it were to save only these soot particles, 

 we could not aflford expensive stoker and 

 furnace settings. The appearance of 

 black smoke is, fortunately, the signal 

 of incomplete combustion, and the losses 

 due to this cause are many times the 

 losses due to the carrying away of the 

 small soot particles. This matter is well 

 stated by that practical and clear writer, 

 Wm. H. Booth, as follows: 



" 'It is customary to speak of smoke 

 and the smoke nuisance, as though black 

 smoke were the only feature of imperfect 

 combustion that demanded a remedy. 

 But it cannot be too strongly emphasized 

 that the visible impurities of the waste 

 gases from" factory chimneys are the 



..The Kroeschell Boiler.. 



Zs tha oal7 parfoot 



Dot Water Boiler 



BUkda la IB aiiaa, liaaUnr Arom 

 tlia amallcat ffreanJbionaa up to 

 60,000 aqaare feat of glmmu to 

 eo <l9gr—u at IB daffreoa ba- 

 low laro. 



rXIOBS AXn> OATAIiOOirB 

 on appUoation. 



Kroeschell Bros. Co. 



61 MMXB ST. OKXOAOO 



Mention The ReTiew when you write. 



The John Davis Co. 



Halsted, 28d and UnUm Streefe 



CHICAGO, ILL. 



Manqfactorera and Wl&olaaalers of 



Wrought Iron Pipe 

 Cast-iron Fittings 

 Valves, Pumps 

 Steam Traps 



and rnvmrytblng oaed In a Steam Plant 



A malorlty of the Houses are chanKingr 

 from water to steam. The only pipe to use 

 Is the genuine WrouffM Iron and "Byers" 

 la tbe beat made. White Us ros Pbicxs. 



WX BKFXB TO 



BlSSnr M WASHBUBN 



POKHLMANN BB08. CO. 



VOEOBGE REINBEBG 

 PETER BEIHBKBa 



Mention The Berlew when yon write. 



least harmful part of their constituents; 

 and that the invisible gases, which too 

 often escape as the result of imperfect 

 combustion, are far more detrimental in 

 their effects upon vegetation and upon 

 the health of the community. These in- 

 visible gases consist of unaltered hydro- 

 carbons and of carbon monoxide; their 

 presence is due either to deficiency of 

 air or to the lack of the requisite tem- 

 perature in the combustion area. Smoke 

 is the visible sign of the presence of 

 these deleterious gases. It is, therefore, 

 a useful signal of something wrong in 

 the combustion process. Smoke ought 

 to be attacked, i?ot only because it brings 

 dirt and depression in its train, but be- 

 cause its emission is accompanied by that 

 of gases which are directly detrimental 

 to the health of all living things, and 

 at the same time carry away much heat 

 from the plant of the fuel user. Both 

 on humanitarian and economic grounds 

 its suppression is called for.' 



' ' If there is a deficient air supply, 

 part of the carbon atoms will not find 

 enough oxygen atoms with which to com- 

 bine and there will be a considerable 

 part of the escaping gases leaving the 

 chimney as carbon monoxide, instead of 

 being burned to carbon dioxide. For 

 each pound of carbon burned only to 

 carbon monoxide there will be a loss of 

 approximately 10,000 heat units and this 

 constitutes the great source of loss so 

 frequently referred to as the loss due 

 to incomplete combustion. This loss may 



Take no Chancei When Selecting 

 Your Heating Apparatus. 



BETTER BE SAFE 

 THAN SORRY 



Have a 



FlorenceQeater 



installed and then you can 



bum any kind of fuel with 



the most economical results* 



Write for catalogfue to 



Coliunbia Heater Co. 



DELVIDERE, ILL. 



OR m 



CHICAGO BALKS DKPABTIIBHT 

 LOCATBD AT 



85 East Lake Street* 



Hentlon Tbe Berlew when yoo write. 

 DO TOU KNOW ABOUT THX 



Hartin Rockiog Grate 



IT SAVES COAL 



MARTIN GRATE CO. '^^ll^TS^'' 



Mention The ReTiew when yoa write. 



readily amount to five per cent of the 

 total heat in the coal. The density of 

 the accompanying smoke may or may not 

 be an indication of the proportion, 

 though the loss due to carbon monoxide 

 in perfectly smokeless chimney gases in 

 practice will usually not exceed 0.05 of 

 one per cent. Smokelessness is a rela- 

 tively safe indication that the total heat 

 has been liberated. Unfortunately, it 

 gives no indication of the degree of ef- 

 ficiency with which the heat is being 

 utilized. The problem from the stand- 

 point of the operator demands smoke- 

 lessness with a minimum air supply. 

 Losses due to sensible heat in the stack 

 gases, while seldom rising higher than 



