jn!'^" 



> g?^"^'^ -^T^ . ?>*«^tf-^r?y?'-T¥^x 



^ll^ivi<^.iiukii.«u> n. 



THE ILLINOIS FARMER. 



37 



presented for their consideration — at which 

 meeting the majority of those stockholders pres- 

 ent shall elect permanent officers for this Asso- 

 ciation, and chose a committee ef three whose 

 duty it shall be under the instructions of this 

 Association to select, purchase and import such 

 animals as the Association may direct^provi- 

 ded that no person shall be entitled to vote at 

 this or any subsequent meeting w lo shall not 

 heve paid in to the Treasiirer at least live per 

 cent upon the amount of his subscription. 



7th. All stock imported by this company 

 shall be sold at public auction in the city of 

 Springfield as soon after the arrival of the same 

 within the limits of this State, as due notice of 

 such sale can be given, and upon such terms as 

 a majority of the stock-holders present at the 

 meeting referred to in the Sixth rule may 

 determine — and the proceeds of such sale be 

 divided among the stock-holders in proportion 

 to their respective subscriptions after deduct- 

 ing the entire expenses of the importation. 



8th. The stockholders present at the meet- 

 ing referred to in the Sixth rule shall designate 

 the times at which those who have subscribed 

 to the Capital Stock of this Association shall be 

 required to pay to fhe Treasurer the unpaid 

 balances of their respective subscriptions. — 

 Any stock-holder failing to pay the remaining 

 balance upon his subscription as may be di- 

 rected by resolution of this association, shall if 

 the association shall so order, forfeit his stock 

 to this association upon such terms as the asso- 

 ciation may determine-provided, however, that 

 there shall be no forfeiture of stock unless no- 

 ' tice of at least twenty days shall be given by 

 publication in some of the newspapers in 

 Springfield of the time and place at which the 

 unpaid stock shall be required to b« paid. 



NO. OF TOTAL 

 BCBSCRIBEES. COUNTIES. SHARES. BUB. 



James N. Brown Sangamon 10 $1,000 



A.G.Carl Champaign 10 1,000 



Calif &Jacoby Piatt and Sangamon 10 1,000 



John Williams Saugamon 10 1,000 



K. C. Johns Maoon 5 600 



Joseph Stockdale Sangamon 5 600 



E. S. Hull Madison 1 100 



Washington lies Sangamon 5 600 



George W. Chattarton Sangamon 2 200 



James M.Hill Cass 5 500 



W. Brown Morgan 5 500 



J. C. Crowder Sangamon 1 100 



John C. Maxcy Sangamon I 100 



Cyrus W. Webster Marion 5 500 



E. Stevenson Morgan 5 600 



J.J.Elliott Sangamon 1 100, 



S. Dunlap Morgan 5 500 



S. A. Bnckmaster Madison 5 500 



John Williams Sangamon 6 600 



James W. Singleton Adams 3 300 



John Wood Adams 10 1,000 



E. Rigney Sangamon 3 300 



John H. Bro'n'n Sangamon 2 200 



David A. Brown Sangamon 2 200 



J. S. Smith & D. Brown Sangamon 4 400 



J. T. Smith Sangamon 2 200 



JohuB. Ousley Sangamon 5 600 



Tl^nas S. Mather Sangamon 1 100 



JolR Gatewood Piatt 5 500 



William Rea Macon 5 600 



E. B. Hitt&Co Scott 13 1,300 



The Post ofBce address of the Officers of 

 the Association are as follows: 



JAS. N. BROWN, President, 



Berlin, Sangamon County, 111. 

 Jno. Williams, Treasurer, Springfield, 111. 

 Geo. W. Chatterton, Sec'y, " " 



From the Ohio Farmer. 



Close Breeding — Its Effects, and the Cause 

 Thereof. ■ 



There is an impression that in-and-in 

 breeding produces an inevitable deteriora- 

 tion, and that this is made manifest in a cer- 

 tain and invariable manner. This dogma 

 has passed into certain sciences — physiology 

 for example; and then diffusing itself over 

 the face of society again, re-appears contin- 

 ually in newspapers. I have expressed my 

 conviction of the total erroneousness of the 

 common opinion, in some articles which my 

 good friend Mr. Brown permitted me to 

 publish about a year since in the Ohio 

 Farmer, on the culture of domestic animals. 

 Repeated conversations since that time, both 

 with practical and scientific men, have led 

 me to suppose that I would have done well 

 tu have attempted, at that time, a more pre- 

 cise explanation of the real nature of those 

 evils which are often seen to attend extreme 

 in-and-in breeding, and a more distinct 

 statement of the real working of the prac- 

 tice, both for good and for evil . It is this 

 which I now propose to myself. 



Nature, if left to herself, acts with invaria- 

 ble steadfastness; and this is the first and 

 the grand principle of all re-production. It 

 is culture, ^'using the word in its widest 

 sense.) which seduces nature into all her 

 variations; and this is the second and crown- 

 ing principle of all re-production. With 

 these two, we can do all that is doable; 

 without both of them, we can do nothing. 



Uuder the variations produced by culture, 

 it is pure blood — high breeding, which 

 stands in the place, and represents the stead- 

 fastness which nature manifests when left to 

 herself. Culture is tantamount to variation; 

 pure blood is the only safeguard under and 

 against endless variations under culture. lu 

 other words, high bred is steadfastness un- 

 der culture. 



Such is the state of the case, as it comes 

 into the hands of the breeder. If he com- 

 prehends and respects nature under both of 

 the aspects I have presented, she will do for 

 him everything in her power. If he abuses, 

 tortures, insults, neglects, and crosses her, 

 why, he must expect to rule her with infinite 

 rifior and intelligence, or to be defeated by 

 her at last. 



What then, will she say and do, when 

 obliged persistently to breed extremely close? 

 Look at the first flock of partridges or crows 

 you happen to see; look at a herd of buffalo 

 or deer; look any where upon nature, pure 

 and simple, and she responds with perfect 

 distinctness. This is what she will do: she 



