BjiqpW'B^ I.II iTHiygK .pm J i» V^iw, I III jl u I, kpp 



after the complete maturity, but iis action 

 seems less prejudicial to the progress of 

 crystalization. The gummy principle ob- 

 structs it in two ways; for, beside being a 

 serious obstacle to the commencement of 

 crystalization, it afterward renders it almost 

 a matter of impossibility to purge the crys- 

 tals if obtained. However, as I observed, 

 this difficulty only presents itself in the em- 

 ploy of unripe canes; for, as soon as the 

 juices acquire a density of 1.089 and more, 

 they contain but little else than crystaliza- 

 ble sugar, and their treatment presents no 

 difficulty. The lime employed, to a slight 

 excess, is not detrimental, it seems to me, 

 in practice, as theory would perhaps indicate. 

 Perhaps a slight fermentation, which is in- 

 evitable, may disengage enough carbonic 

 acid to destroy the uncrystalizable com- 

 pound formed by its union with the sugar. 

 The fact is, that the best crystalizations ob- 

 tained have been had in those experiments 

 in which I feared to have used too much 

 lime. I should remark that heretofore my 

 operations have been but on a small scale, 

 and it is nec^sary to be very prudent before 

 applying the experiments of the laboratory 

 to practical operations; but at all events, it 

 seems to me, after all these trials, that the 

 crystalization will not meet with serious ob- 

 stacles wherever the plant attains a com- 

 plete maturity. 



[Signed] YILMORIN. 



To Clean Cockle out of Wheat. 



Messes. Editors: — Having written you 

 about chess, I will say a few words about 

 cockle, which I have found far more trouble 

 in clearing out of my wheat and laud than 

 chess. I sifted the cockle out by hand for 

 some years when I first began farming here; 

 but this I found a slow process, the selves 

 here being so small. Afterwards I went 

 to a fanniugmill maker, and ordered him to 

 get a screeu made for my fanningmill, con- 

 siderably coarser than those in use. After 

 getting that, and by letting the wheat run 

 slowly through the mill, and turning slowly, 

 all the cockle ran through the screen into 

 the box under the -fanningmill. lu that 

 way I got clear of cockle. True, a con- 

 siderable quantity of small wheat ran 

 through the coarse screen along with the 

 cockle, but it was not lost, and 1 had made 

 clean seed far better to raise wheat, in place 

 of the chess and cockle. I guarantee that 

 the plan for cleaning both chess and cockle 

 will answer. I also guarantee that neither 

 will grow unless sown either by man or 

 beast. So long as my woods were not 



fenced, I saw lots of chess, cockle and 

 pigeon weed growing there, from the drop- 

 pings of my neighbors cattle. — [Genesee 

 Farmer. 



"n many places the potato vines are 



are infested with ravenous bugs, Mr. J. 



Myers writes from Whitehall, New York, 



July 24, a remedy as follows: 



On the 16th instant I discovered my po- 

 tatoes affected in the same manner, and im- 

 mediately caused them to be thoroughly 

 dusted with slaked lime and plaster, which 

 was repeated two or three times while the 

 dew was on, which has effectually cleared 

 them and the tops are now looking as fresh 

 and green as ever. Ashes no doubt will 

 answer a good purpose in the absence of 

 lime. Plaster I consider of less importance. 

 I have great faith in the experiment, and 

 advise ever one to test it immediately who 

 have potatoes effected." 



<•» 



Hereditary Diseases of Cattle. 



Mr. Finlay Dan, in a prize essay on this sub- 

 ject, in the Journal of the Eoyal Agricultural 

 Society of England, metitioDs as the most im- 

 portant hereditary diseases of cattle, diarrhoea, 

 rheumatism, scrofula, consumption, dysentery, 

 malignant tumours, and the affections dependin^^ 

 on a plethoric state of the body. The cbati 

 acters which cattle should possess, in order to 

 perpetuate in their ofispring a healthy and 

 vigorous constitution, he gives amongst others 

 the following: 



"The head small, muzzle fine and tapering, 

 nostrils large and open, the eyes full and lustrous, 

 ears small, and not too thick, the head well set 

 on the neck, the distance between tbeears and 

 the angle of the jaw short, but the width be- 

 hind the ears considerable (no dairy cow shocjd 

 have a short thick neck,) the chest wide and 

 deep; the girth, taken immediately behind the 

 shoulder, should closely correspond with the 

 length from behind the ears to the rise of the 

 tail; Itie carcase of a barrel shape, for a tain, 

 flat -ribbed acimal eats largely, thrives badlj, 

 and is unusually liable to diarrhoea; there should 

 be little space between the prominence of the 

 hip and the last rib, the quarter large, the 

 measurement from the prominence of the haunch 

 backwards to the rise of the tail, and down- 

 wards to the hock, as great as possible; the 

 lower part of the haunuh thick and broad, the 

 hide thick and pliant; smallness of bone is A 

 aarc indication of early maturity and aptitude 

 for fattenmg: These, amongst other characters 

 and qualities enumerated by Mr. Dan indicate 

 the possession ot a vigorous and healthy con- 

 stitution and freedom Irom all intierent disease." 



"Let us, then, be up and doing, 

 With a heart for any fate; 



Still achieving, still pursuing, 

 Learn to labor and to wait." 



