APPENDIX: RESULTS OF CROSS-CALIBRATION PROGRAM 



In the spring of 1966 the U. S. Navy Oceanographic 

 Office initiated an interorganizational, cross-calibration 

 program for deep-sea reversing thermometers. The purpose 

 was to compare data and determine the cause of any differ- 

 ences in results. Three laboratories joined NAVOCEANO 

 in this endeavor, namely. Naval Undersea Warfare Center 

 (NUWC), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), and 

 Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), 



Twenty-four thermometers with histories of 

 reliability were selected for the program. These were 

 divided into four groups, each containing six instruments 

 of similar type and range (table Al). The thermometers 

 were hand-carried between laboratories in a shock-proof 

 protective case. The calibration program was started in 

 early June 1966 and completed in December 1966. 



TABLE Al. THERMOMETER GROUPING. 



y determination: initial reading 0°C, expansion reading 30°C 

 Q factors at 100 kgm/''cm\ 200 kgm/cm\ and 300 kgm/cm^ 



Upon completion of the calibrations, all data were 

 exchanged between laboratories. The largest differences 

 noted (tables A4 - A7) appeared to be due to the different 

 types of standards used, namely, platinum resistance 

 thermometers by NOO and NUWC and mercury-in- glass 

 thermometers by WHOI and SIO (table A2). As a first step 

 toward improving future cross-calibration results, all 

 participants agreed to use triple -point-of -water cells to 

 check the zero point of their standards. Tolerances were 



2 9 



