crews and the development of efficient work, rest, sleep schedules and the 

 generation of methods to ameliorate long duration isolation. 



Simulation studies in various test chambers have provided useful information 

 on discrete aspects of man's performance under adverse conditions. Other 

 studies have been made in the field where individuals and crews are observed 

 under operational conditions. The chamber runs frequently were used to 

 study a small spectrum of human performance or were oriented to other types 

 of measures as the primary goals (e.g. study of life support systems.) 

 Earlier field studies, although they dealt with the global characteristics 

 of man performing in a real environment, were constrained by the available 

 resources and methodology to sampling performance and group dynamics or 

 using subjective measurement techniques. 



The TEKTITE habitat provides a remarkably well-suited analog to a small space 

 vehicle for studying man's capabilities for performing useful work and the 

 social structure in a dynamic environment. 



TEKTITE I BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH 



In TEKTITE I, the behavioral research program was designed to study individual 

 and group dynamics and the work habits of the aquanauts while accomplishing a 

 real life mission over a long period in a hazardous environment. The 

 behavioral study was designed to provide information on the aquanauts personal 

 adjustment, social interaction, and task performance. The research was care- 

 fully planned to provide information that would be useful to the man-in-space 

 program as well as man-in-the sea. Data were gathered in the areas of crew 

 selection; habitability for working, eating, sleeping, and recreation; and 

 psychomotor performance. The behavioral data were obtained primarily by 

 direct observation using television cameras and open microphones located 

 strategically around the four chambers in the habitat. The aquanauts were 

 observed continually while in the habitat from 0615 to 2345 each day. A 

 team of psychologists on the surface monitored the video and audio trans- 

 missions in a special behavioral room not accessible to other topside 

 personnel. In addition, selected pieces of equipment in the habitat were 

 fitted with timers and automatic switches to provide information on usage. 



TEKTITE I Results 



In summary, results of TEKTITE I provided that the habitat was adequate to 

 house the aquanauts for 60 days, although there was a serious shortage of 

 working and stowage space. The settling-in period was longer than anticipated, 

 showing the need for a more extended training period including spending some 

 time in the habitat prior to the mission. The dinner meal, sometimes lasting 

 as long as three hours, was a great source of relaxation, group interaction, 

 and work planning. The act of food preparation was a source of creative 

 recreation for at least one crew member. The crew members frequently and 

 voluntarily performed housekeeping tasks that had not been assigned. However, 

 it was unanimously agreed by the aquanauts that an operational crew member 

 was needed for routine reporting to the surface, habitat equipment maintenance, 

 and performance of various non-scientific duties. 



VIII-2 



