**C. 16-PF-Test 



Indicates that variable or measure is discussed in this report, 

 Only the IQ score derived from this test is used. 



Relevant categories of in-habitat behavior were specified and explicitly 

 defined in a Behavior Observer's Manual which each observer was required to 

 master." The manual contains an introduction to the observer's role, a 

 description of each behavioral measure and its mode of collection, and a 

 description of the habitat. Considerations of confidentiality and the opera- 

 tion of the IBM Information Recorder which was used for data collection are 

 also included. 



Video training tapes were made inside the habitat before it was shipped to the 

 Virgin Islands and were used to refine observational measures and to train 

 observers under realistic conditions of simulated observation. The second and 

 third teams of observers also received on-the-job refresher training by stand- 

 ing watches on site for a week with the observers they replaced. 



Behavioral observation was conducted in a restricted area of the Command Van 

 located on shore. The behavioral area was equipped with six 18" TV monitors-- 

 one showing each compartment of the habitat, one showing a TV picture in the 

 water outside the habitat, and one reserve unit. Three video tape recorders 

 were also installed, enabling instantaneous recording of any signal received 

 on the TV monitors. Two playback monitors for display of video tape were 

 installed. 



Three loudspeakers and two headphone jacks were installed with two switching 

 controls permitting observers to monitor conversations in any area of the 

 habitat. 



Data were collected 24 hours a day by observers standing watch in pairs for 

 4-hour shifts. Observers were instructed not to discuss behavior observed with 

 anyone other than supervising personnel, and access to the observation area was 

 strictly limited. Persons not associated with the Behavioral Program were per- 

 mitted in the observation area only with the consent of the aquanauts. 



Most data were collected by being punched directly onto IBM cards using the 

 IBM Model 3000-1 or Model 3000-11 Information Recorder. Separate recorders 

 were prepared with guide templates for recording aquanaut status, dive behavior, 

 meal behavior, arising-retiring and sleep duration, communications with topside, 

 and specific events such as use of leisure facilities, housekeeping, baralyme 

 changes, etc. An example of an Information Recorder Template (for aquanaut 

 Status Record) is shown in Figure 1. The aquanaut Status Record was completed 

 for each aquanaut every six minutes, 24 hours a day. Other records were punched 

 whenever the event in question occurred. A summary and description of the vari- 

 ables collected by observation is presented in Table 2. 



A copy of the Behavior Observer's Manual can be obtained on request from 

 Robert Helmreich. It will be published later as an Office of Naval Research 

 Technical Paper. 



VIII-21 



