ZIRCONIUM AND HAFNIUM 



721 



problem of chemical extraction. Timely research on 

 specific alternate sources of zircon would eliminate 

 the need for future crash programs. 



SELECTED REFERENCES 



Angelelli, Victorio, and Chaar, Edmundo, 1967, Los depositos 

 de titanomagnetita, ilmenita y zircon de la Bahia San 

 Bias (tramo baliza La Ballena-Faro Segunda Barranca) 

 partido Carmen de Patagones, provincia de Buenos Aires 

 [Titanomagnetite, ilmenite, and zircon deposits of the 

 Bay of San Bias, Carmen de Patagones, Buenos Aires] : 

 Argentina Comision Nac. Energia Atomica Kept. CNEA- 

 210, 53 p. 



Bowden, P., 1966, Zirconium in younger granites of northern 

 Nigeria: Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta, v. 30, p. 985- 

 993. 



Brazil Departmento Nacional da Produgao Mineral, 1967, 

 Contribuigao do Departamento Nacional da Produgao 

 Mineral no desenvolvimento geo-economico do nordeste 

 Brasileiro [Contribution of the National Department of 

 Mineral Production to the geo-economic development of 

 northeast Brazil! : Brazil Dept. Nac. Produgao Mineral 

 Pub. Espec. 4, 125 p. 



Brooks, C. K., 1969, On the distribution of zirconium and 

 hafnium in the Skaergaard intrusion. East Greenland: 

 Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta, v. 33, p. 357-374. 



1970, The concentrations of zirconium and hafnium 



in some igneous and metamorphic rocks and minerals: 

 Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta, v. 33, p. 357-374. 



Butler, J. R., and Thompson, A. J., 1965, Zirconium-hafnium 

 ratios in some igneous rocks : Geochim. et Cosmochim. 

 Acta, V. 29, p. 167-175. 



Carmichael, I. S. E., 1962, Pantelleritic liquids and their 

 phenocrysts: Mineralog. Mag., v. 33, p. 86-113. 



Chao, E. C. T., and Fleischer, Michael, 1960, Abundance of 

 zirconium in igneous rocks: Internat. Geol. Cong., 21st, 

 Copenhagen, 1960, Rept, pt. 1, p. 106-131. 



Chessex, Ronald, and Delaloye, Michel, 1965, Donnees sur les 

 teneurs en hafnium et en yttrium des zircons: Bull. 

 Suisse de Mineralogie et Petrologie, v. 45, no. 1, p. 295- 

 315. 



Clarke, R. G., 1970, Zirconium and hafnium: U.S. Bur. Mines 

 Minerals Yearbook 1970, v. 1, p. 1205-1211. 



Condie, K. C, and Lo, Howard, 1971, Trace element geo- 

 chemistry of the Louis Lake batholith of early Pre- 

 cambrian age, Wyoming: Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta, 

 V. 35, p. 1099-1119. 



Degenhardt, Heinz, 1957, Untersuchungen zur geochemischen 

 Verteilung des Zirkoniums in der Lithosphare: Geochim. 

 et Cosmochim. Acta, v. 11, p. 279-309. 



Dow, V. T., and Batty, J. V., 1961, Reconnaissance of titani- 

 ferous sandstone deposits of Utah, Wyoming, New 

 Mexico, and Colorado: U.S. Bur. Mines Rept. Inv. 5860, 

 52 p. 



Esson, J., Hahn-Weinheimer, P., and Johanning, H., 1968, 

 Determination of hafnium by neutron activation, and 

 variation in the Zr/Hf ratio of some granite masses: 

 Talanta, v. 15, p. 1111-1118. 



Fleischer, Michael, 1955, Hafnium content and hafnium- 

 zirconium ratios in minerals and rocks: U.S. Geol. Sur- 

 vey Bull. 1021-A, 13 p. 



Fleischer, Michael, and Chao, E. C. T., 1960, Some problems 

 in the estimation of abundance of elements in the earth's 



crust: Internat. Geol. Cong., 21st, Copenhagen, 1960, 

 Rept., pt. 1, p. 141-148. 

 Franco, R. R., and Loewenstein, W., 1948, Zirconium from 

 the region of Pogos de Caldas: Am. Mineralogist, v. 33, 

 p. 142-151. 

 Frondel, Clifford, 1957, Zirconium mineralogy and geo- 

 chemistry, in Advances in Nuclear Engineering, v. 2: 

 Nuclear Eng. and Sci. Cong., 2d, Philadelphia, 1957, 

 Proc.,Pt. 2, p. 305-312. 

 Gerasimovskii, V. I., 1956, Geochemistry and mineralogy of 

 nepheline syenite intrusions: Geochemistry, no. 5, p. 

 494-510. 

 Gottfried, David, Greenland, L. P., and Campbell, E. Y., 1968, 

 Variation of Nb-Ta, Zr-Hf, Th-U, and K-Cs in two 

 diabase-granophyre suites : Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta, 

 V. 32, p. 925-947. 

 Gottfried, David, and Waring, C. L., 1964, Hcifnium content 

 and Hf/Zr ratio in zircon from the southern California 

 batholith, in Geological Survey research 1964: U.S. Geol. 

 Survey Prof. Paper 501-B, p. B88-B91. 

 Green, Jack, 1959, Geochemical table of the elements for 

 1959: Geol. Soc. America Bull., v. 70, no. 9, p. 1127-1184. 

 Guimaraes, Djalma, 1948, Os depositos zirconiferos do plan- 

 alto de Pogos de Caldas e o geoquimismo do Zr [The zir- 

 conium ore deposits of the Pogos de Caldas Plateau, 

 Brazil, and zirconium geochemistry] : Bol. Inst. Tec- 

 nologia Indus. Minas Gerais, no. 6, p. 1—40; English 

 translation, p. 42-78. 

 Hansen, John, 1968, Niobium mineralization in the Ilimaussaq 

 alkaline complex, South- West Greenland: Internat. Geol. 

 Cong., 23d, Prague, 1968, Proc, sec. 7, p. 263-273, 

 Prague, Academia; reprinted as Gronlands Geol. Under- 

 sogelse Misc. Paper 60, 1968. 

 Hess, H. D., 1962, Hafnium content of domestic and foreign 

 zirconium minerals: U.S. Bur. Mines Rept. Inv. 5856, 

 62 p. 

 Horn, M. K., and Adams, J. A. S., 1966, Computer-derived 

 geochemical balances on element abundances: Geochim. 

 et Cosmochim. Acta, v. 30, p. 279-297. 

 Industrial Minerals, 1969, World zircon producers — Present 

 production and future potential: Industrial Minerals, 

 no. 16, p. 19, 21, 23-27. 



1971, Titanium minerals — [Pt. ] 1, The producers 



reviewed: Industrial Minerals, no. 43, p. 9-13, 15-23. 

 Kauffman, A. J., Jr., 1956, Zirconium ores, chap. 1 in Zir- 

 conium, its production and properties: U.S. Bur. Mines 

 Bull. 561, p. 3-10. 

 Kauffman, A. J., Jr., and Holt, D. C, 1965, Zircon— A re- 

 view, with emphasis on west coast resources and markets : 

 U.S. Bur. Mines Inf. Circ. 8268, 69 p. 

 Knorring, 0. Von, and Hornung, G., 1961, Hafnium zircons: 



Nature, v. 190, p. 1098-1099. 

 Levinson, A. A., and Borup, R. A., 1960, High hafnium zir- 

 con from Norway: Am. Mineralogist, v. 45, p. 562-565. 

 Lustman, Benjamin, and Kerze, Frank, Jr., 1955, The 

 metallurgy of zirconium: New York, McGraw-Hill Book 

 Co., Inc., 776 p. 

 Lyakhovich, V. V., and Shevaleyevskii, I. D., 1962, Zr:Hf 

 ratio in the accessory zircon of granitoids : Geochemistry, 

 no. 5, p. 508-524. 

 Marshall, Brian, 1967, The present status of zircon: Sedi- 



mentology, v. 9, p. 119-136. 

 Mero, J. L., 1972, Effects of mining sea floor nodules may 

 be drastic for industry, society: Northern Miner, v. 

 58, no. 5, p. 4-5. 



