42 DEVELOPMENT OF SHIPYARDS IN THE 



the performance of the four leading plants and the other eight that it is impossible 

 to make a comparison of the actual output per way as was shown on Charts A and B. 

 Instead three averages have been plotted, one showing the leading four plants, 

 another the remaining eight, and the third the average of the twelve. 



Chart D, Plate 17, shows the second division plants arranged in order of maxi- 

 mum steel production. The per way averages of the twelve yards leading in steel 

 production are plotted on the same basis as those on Chart C, Plate 16. 



In studying the plants it was necessary to compare them on the basis of their 

 various functions, and the divisions used in this study are listed below. They have 

 been selected as being the most natural divisions into which the work of building 

 ships can be divided and are common to all shipbuilding plants. These in turn may 

 be further subdivided, but, from lack of data systematically gathered, it is not possi- 

 ble to go into greater detail at this time. 



Hull factors. Outfitting factors. 



Ways. Berthing space. 



Plant area. Machine shop. 



Storage area. Smith shop. 



Fabricating area. Woodworking shops. 



Assembling area. Stores. 



Mold-loft area. Combination shops. 



Tracks. Miscellaneous buildings. 



Punches. ,Boiler shop. 



Foundries, iron and brass. 



The following is an explanation of the Hull Factors used for making this study : 



Number of Ways. — This factor represents the number of places in the plant 

 where hulls have been or may be constructed of the size and tonnage reported in the 

 output for that plant. 



Plant Area. — This factor is in acres and represents the actual area used in con- 

 junction with the number of ways listed, deducting all open water and including all 

 wharves and piers. 



Storage Yard. — This factor is in square feet and is the actual area used for the 

 storage of ship stock which consists largely of plates and shapes and is usually un- 

 covered, including the tracks which serve the same. The principal function of this 

 area is to act as a reservoir to maintain a constant supply of materials to the fabrica- 

 ting area. 



Fabricating Area. — This factor is in square feet and includes the actual floor 

 area of shops used in the working of plates and shapes. It includes the areas used 

 for punching, shearing, bending and anglesmithing, and the areas of bending slabs, 

 and furnaces. In yards where some of this work is done out of doors, the necessary 

 space has been included. There has been excluded, as far as possible, all assembling 

 space. 



