244 STANDARD LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM FOR GEARED TURBINES. 



I 



It was also believed necessary to incorporate into the system features designed 

 to take care of the unusual war conditions. 



A preliminary study of the systems being used by the various shipbuilders dis- 

 closed the fact that, with one exception, they were of the direct-pressure type, which, 

 from necessity of keeping all vital parts below the protective deck, had been stand- 

 ardized by the Navy Department. The one exception was a low-pressure gravity 

 system not adapted to turbines requiring high pressure. The fundamental problem 

 was to supply the bearings and gear tooth contact faces with an adequate and un- 

 interrupted supply of clean, cool oil. 



This same general problem has been studied for centuries in connection with 

 the water supply for cities and towns, and has been effectively solved, so that, as a 

 basis for a lubricating oil system, the modern city water works was adopted in all 

 of its fundamentals ; the main features of which are : — 



(a) Pumping station. 



(b) Strainers. 



(c) Elevated storage reservoir for gravity supply. 



(d) Filtering system. 



(e) Delivering and distributing piping. 

 (/) Connection to sewage system. 



(g) Cooling system. While no artificial cooling system is customarily sup- 

 plied by a water works, the pipes are carried underground and maintain the origi- 

 nal low temperature of the water. 



(h) Direct pressure emergency system for fire. 



In July, 1918, a preliminary plan and description of an oiling system, modeled 

 as above, was prepared and sent broadcast to shipbuilders, turbine builders, lubri- 

 cation experts, etc., for criticism and suggestions. (See Plan No. E-i 1000-3, Plate 

 105.) It was felt that the fundamental plan, being based on a system as reliable as 

 a modern city water works, was beyond serious criticism; but that its application 

 to shipboard conditions may have been faulty in detail. Much constructive criti- 

 cism was received and much that was essentially a defense or justification of sys- 

 tems to which the critic was already committed by precedent, or in which he had 

 some proprietary interest. 



We are particularly indebted for the cooperation of Mr. Chas. F. Bailey, en- 

 gineering director of the Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., for his 

 constructive criticism and instructive suggestions, based not only on his extensive 

 general marine experience but on a specialized study of the faults of existing sys- 

 tems disclosed at the time many of these vessels called at the yards of his com- 

 pany for emergency repairs. 



We are also indebted to Mr. Tobin, of the Vacuum Oil Company, for data re- 

 garding lubricating oils and their actions under various conditions met with in 

 service. 



As a consequence of the criticisms, a revision of the system substantially ac- 

 cording with the majority of the recommendations was made and submitted again 



