130 



II^■l•)ROl1^■^• xMics i\ ship nrsir.x 



Sec. -15.26 



(23) T.kIJ, F. II., -Tlio Fuiulam.Mitals of Slii|> Kri.liormI 

 Uesistaiioe." IMK, I'JU 



(2-1) Rouse. II., 1:MF, 10U>. iH-RinninK on p. 150. This 

 book traff-s the tccliiiirul ilevclopmoiits of many 

 friction furmiiliLH, altlioiigh from the point of view 

 of bydniuiicd rnlhor th.in naval architecture. 



(iS) Tjxld, F. H., "The Dotorminalion of Frictional 

 Rcsistanro; .\ Review of PremMit Knowledge and 

 Metho<ls," SHMl^H, Jan 1947, pp. 15-19 



(2ti) .•Vcevwio, M. L., "Skin Friction Resintance," Spec. 

 I*ubl., Canal do Expcriencias llidrodinflmira.'i, V.\ 

 Pardo, Madrid, 194S. Only the Conclusions of this 

 pa|>er are published in 5th ICSTS, 1940, pp. 93-98. 



(27) Van Lammercn, \V. P. A., Troost, L., and Koning, 



J. G., RP^N^, 194S, Ix'ginning on p. 32. On pages 

 111 and 112 there are a number of references 

 additional to those given here. 



(28) Rouse, H., EH, 1950, pp. 75-115 



(29) Schoenherr, K. E., SNAME, 1932, beginning on 



p. 279; MIT Symp., 1951, beginning on p. 101. 



II. Deiclopmcnl of Fridion-Iicsislance Formulations 



This group comprises references which led to 

 the preparation and use of certain formulations 

 widely iisetl within the last qiiartcr-conturj' for 

 anal^'tic and design work. 



(30) Gebers, F., "Das Aehnlichkeitsge.setz fiir Flaehen- 



widerstiind in Wiisser guradlinig fortbewegter, 

 IHjIiticrter Platten (The Law of Similitude for the 

 Surface Resistance of Smooth (Polished) Plates 

 Moving in a Straight Line in Water)," Schiffbau, 

 1921, Vol. XXII, Xos. 29-33, 35, 37-39. A complete 

 translation is found in NAC.\ Tech. Memo 30S 

 of Apr 1925. This paper gives the result-s of extended 

 tests on friction planes at the Vienna model basin. 

 It summarizes and compares all previous work on 

 friction resistance of planes, and recommends an 

 expression for friction resistance of the form 

 /?>• = (a constant) (wetted surface) F*""/L", 

 where n is 0.125. 



(31) Kempf, G., "FlSchenwiderstand (Surface Resist- 



ance)," WRH, 22 Oct 1924, pp. 521-528. This 

 paper discusses and gives the results of friction 

 testa on long, towed, floating cyUnders. 



(32) Kempf, G., "Xew Results Obtained in Measuring 



Frictional Resistance," IXA, 1929, pp. 104-121 

 and Pis. VI-IX. Describes tests made witli "meas- 

 uring plates" in the side of the steamer Hamburg 

 and in the bottom of long, shallow, pontoons 

 towed in the Hamburg Model Basin. 



(33) HopiK.', H., "Xeue Messungcn der VVasaerreibung am 



SchifTskorpcr (New Measurements of Water 

 Friction on Ship Hulls)," WRH, 7 Mar 1929, pp. 

 91-03 



(34) Kempf, G., "Neue Ergebnisse der Widerstands- 



forechung (New Rcsultfl in Resistance Investiga- 

 tions)," WRH, 7 Jun 1929, pp. 2.34-2.39 and 22 

 Jun 1929, pp. 247-252. Figs. Oa and Ob on p. 237 

 «bow mcamired roughness profllca of two typical 

 plate imrfaci.fl. 

 (SS) CinischwiUi, K., "Die turbulcntc RoibungMchicht in 

 I'bcncr Slrrimung Iwi Drurknbfoll und Druckuii- 



stieg (Tlic Turbulent Boundary leaver in Plane 

 Flow at Incrca.sing and Decreasing Pressures)," 

 Ingenicur-.Vrchiv, 1931, II, p. 321(T 

 (30) Dat«man, H., "General Physical Properties of a 

 Viscous Fluid," Chap. Ill of "Hydrodynamics," 

 Bull. 84, Nat. Res. Council, Feb 1932, pp. 89-152. 

 This chapter contains much historical data and 

 an enormous number of references, |>ertaining to 

 all phases of this subject. 



(37) Schoenhcrr, K. F,., "Resistance of Flat Surfaces 



Moving Through a Fluid," SXAME, 19,32, pp. 

 279-313. On page 297 of this paper there is a list 

 of 30 references, listing certain published papers 

 of the period 1839-1931. 



(38) Eisner, F., von Kdrmdn, T., Kempf, G., Schoenherr, 



K. E., "Rcibungswiderstand (Frictional Resist- 

 ance)," IIPSA, 1932, pp. 1-87 



(39) Schlichting, H., "Zur Entstehung der Turbulenz l>ei 



der Plattenstriimung," Nach. Ge.sell. d. Wis. z. 

 t'.Ott., MPK, 1933 



(40) Xikuradso, J., "Striimungsgesetze in rauhen Rohren," 



VDI-Forschungsheft, 361, 1933. English trans- 

 lation available as NACA Tech. Memo 1292, Nov 

 1950. 



(41) Prandtl, L., and Tietjens, O. G., "Applied Hydro- 



and Aeromechanics," McGraw-Hill, Xew York, 

 1934 



(42) Prandtl, L., and Schhchting, H., "Das Widerstands- 



gesetz rauher Platten (The Resistance Law for 

 Rough Plates)," WRH, Jan 1934, No. 1; luiglish 

 version in T.MB Traiisl. 258, Sep 1955 



(43) ITiraga, Y., "Experimental Investigations on the 



Frictional Resistance of Planks and Ship Moilels," 

 ZOsen Kiokai (The Society of Xaval .\rchitects of 

 Japan), Dec 1934, \'ol. LV 



(44) Schlichting, II., ".Vmphtudenverteilung und Ener- 



gicbilanz der kleinen Striingen bei der Platten- 

 stromung," Xach. Gesell. d. Wiss. z. Gott., 1935, 

 Vol. I 



(45) Lamble, J. H., "On the Effects of Changes in 'Degree 



of Wetting' and 'Degree of Turbulence' on Skin 

 Friction ResisUmce and Wake of Models," IN.\, 

 1936, p. 125fT 



(46) Bakhmeteff, B. A., "The Mechanics of Turbulent 



Flow," Princeton U. Press, 1936 



(47) Schultz-Grunow, F., "Ermittlung des hydraulischen 



Heibungswidcrstandes von Platten niit m.ls-sig 

 rauher Oberflaehe (The Determination of the 

 Hj'draulic Friction Resistance of Plates Having 

 Moderately Rough Surfaces)," Schiffahrl-stech- 

 nische Forschungshefte, Oct 1936, Heft 7 



(48) Schlichting, II., "E.xperimentelle Untersucliungcn 



zum Hauhigkeit.sproblem (Experimental Investi- 

 gation of the Roughness Problem)," Ing.-.\rchiv., 



1936, Vol. VIII, Xo. 1 



(49) Kempf, G., "(*biT den Einlluss der Rauhigkeit auf 



den Widerstjind von SchifTen (On the Induencc of 

 Roughnc.'i.s on the Resistiince of Ships)," RT(^ 



1937, Vol. 3S, pp. 159-176; '225-234. In this paper 

 Kempf describes and gives the rcsulLs of friction 

 tests oti long, towed, lloating pontoons. 



(50) Kempf, G., "On the lOfTcct of RoughncsM on tin- 



ResiNlAnrc of Ships," INA 1937, pp. 109 119. 



