Sec. 68.10 



ABOVEWATER FORM LAYOUT 



557 



Eugen the spare anchor was stowed in a centerhne 

 hawsepipe well up in the clipper bow but there 

 were no hawsepipes as such for the port and 

 starboard bower anchors. They were drawn up, 

 practically on top of the weather deck, onto 

 shelves built into the side and the deck at the 

 gunwale, where the anchors lay nearly horizontal. 

 An arch piece over the stock held the anchor in 

 position and kept the chain from jumping out of 

 the shelf. However, because of the acute angle 

 between the stock and the deck line a projecting 

 bolster was necessary. These bolsters and the 

 anchors could still throw some spray. Similar 

 stowages have been provided on certain classes 

 of small combatant vessels of the U. S. Navy 

 during the 1940's and 1950's. 



Recesses of varied types have been worked 

 into ships in the past to house stockless anchors, 

 many of which are still unsightly and are objec- 

 tionable spray-throwers. A proper anchor recess 

 should really house the anchor, not only within 

 the fair line of the side but, so far as practicable, 

 within the hull plating itself, leaving only enough 

 opening to pass the anchor when the flukes are 

 in line with the stock. Recesses for stockless 

 anchors may properly be fitted on vessels as 

 small as 100-ft harbor tugs [AM, Apr 1953, p. 21]. 



Anchor recessing is accomplished on the Great 

 Lakes by the general arrangement shown in 

 Figs. 68.F and 68. G, in successful use there for 

 the past four or five decades. The "backroom" 

 required for this scheme is made available in lake 

 freighters by the extremely blunt waterlines in 

 the vicinity of the recess and the hawsepipe, with 

 horizontal slopes of the order of 40 or 45 deg. 

 On the British battleship Vanguard, completed 

 in the late 1940's, the external surfaces of the 

 anchors form a remarkably fair continuation of 

 the adjacent ship's side [111. London News, 18 

 Sep 1954, p. 473]. On some British passenger liners 

 of the same era, among them the Himalaya, the 

 anchor recess opening is not much larger than 

 the crown and tripping lugs of the anchor, cor- 

 responding to the small openings on the Great 

 Lakes freighters. 



On bows of relatively fine form, completely 

 recessed stockless anchors can be fitted by off- 

 setting the port and starboard anchors in some 

 convenient fashion, and by bringing the chain 

 for each bower anchor up on the opposite side of 

 the vessel. This arrangement gives space for each 

 anchor recess about equivalent to the full width 

 of the bow instead of limiting it to a space on its 



Fig 68.G Anchor Housed in Recess, Great 



Lakes Freighter 



Photograph by courtesy of the Great Lakes Engineering 



Works 



respective side of the centerplane. Crossed 

 recessed anchors were used successfully on the 

 3,000-ton U. S. Navy submarines Argonaut, 

 Nautilus, and Narwhal in the 1920's, and may 

 have been used elsewhere. 



Wherever an anchor chain under load changes 

 direction on a ship, at least three consecutive 

 links should bear on some fixed bolster or struc- 

 ture. Since the chain can lead in a great range 

 or directions in service this poses a problem, 

 whether the chain comes out of a hawsepipe 

 recessed in a pocket or whether it runs over an 

 external bolster. The designer must also remember 

 that there is little to be gained by pulling the 

 anchor up into a recess and then adding, outside 

 the fair plating surface, a tripping plate or bolster 

 that will throw nearly as much spray as the anchor 

 itself. 



It is also a problem to provide an external 

 bolster large enough, let alone the lower corner 

 of a recess within the hull plating, for a bower 

 anchor which must drop clear of a sizable bulb 

 at the forefoot. 



Considering specifically the ABC design, with 

 an abovewater bow shape shown on Fig. 67. E, 

 there is sufficient beam at the level of either the 

 main or the forecastle deck to permit full recessing 

 of stockless anchors in the usual way. This would 

 involve crossed chains, however, leading the 

 starboard anchor chain to the port wildcat and 

 vice versa. As the vessel is not to be required to 

 moor with two anchors and a single chain in 

 normal service, there appears to be no objection 

 to protecting the anchor windlass from the weather 

 by mounting it on the main deck under cover. 



