| W ;> < ''^?v^v.?^<^.'T "rt^' - > ;v.'?7*»Vt»-^;.* ; ■ ' -;." • , ^^\'- 5»>',i,»^!y««ig5^?fS3^7f^<-^,^r-?|j.r,- ;,;• , ;,*_; ' 



50 



'-.t- .■■• ■■.-■ :-/ vr-i ; ." ■ ■,^'^r^yr:^^'^' ■■■■■ 



THE ILT^IISrOIS F^Il^MIDK. 



ho'Jt^rrrc r.nd ido'utrj. At the National Capi- 

 tol iiicn r,vo boapht andsoKi lik-c sheep in ihe 

 shaiiibics. "^V'c have tried hard for year^ to 

 dis}>e!ievc it, but the faet glares throuc;h (•nv 

 politic-.il lifo r.« the electric Jijrht docs through 

 the thin air. It {ii;sho,SBpon ii:;as thosc-lico! 

 boy'.s tr.sk does affc'r yenvs of prrploxity and 

 mistrust. And what is the effect of this drop 

 seated corruption but to dotcr the best men 

 from public life, froni takinir an interoj^t in 

 politic.'d rFsir.'-? 



But: vre have irovc ieiith than ouv h^crnrcr; 



we have 

 in tiir.cs 



furh 



111 J,uin:^u pro:,re>-^; iiro :i\;nu- 



). - 



Christianity, hovrever pcovly undcv>io(xi u.mv, 

 is an eknient tiiat hud not nppciired iu tlio 

 periods vrc have referred tr>. But ■why po 

 backward at a!!'/ Why reouire ofu3 a silva- 

 liou thrcuch X'.vc:" "\Vl-v mn on to tho vor;;e 

 of civil var. iuio dhunicn; paly the coi^li- 

 dencc of nirniicod iu cur system ci^qovcru- 

 meui: prove tveaehercus to our iusanct.'^; 

 cciupel us to a long and labored repentance, 

 wiai iho escor^tions leud and deep of the 

 yoimg patriots in Europe — v.-ho crov.-d Italy, 

 smother tl.cir voices in France, spread them- 

 selves over Gerninnr, and neither dead nor 

 ddnii; in Kunr:vy, have a dim 5:n^.: of bet- 

 tor thiiig? in Sp ido. luiples and xv.i key? V.'hy 

 pernut these to fiingbrx-k in scorn cur recre- 

 ancy to the behc5fs> of frcedo;v. — and tb.e old 



± 11 j1*1 ^ !•! Li"'^ 'T* 



tOiriiaiie toCiV iicc^^t, liieir J;tr.ri3 tj i.ta T>"ii»iin 

 thenirtheir r.ci-^c to exist without j-.ope, tb.civ 

 reliance .sti'd to c>pcud iipcr! zn nncenn'.;> 

 an iniperietndoio .'uiuve. as to tre condition 

 and povritrifT and ?iu':irue>? of pvr]^o:"? c.i 

 this grc: A;i oric-.ii I'nion. Lid or.r ]ei:>- 

 p!c kno'iT th:^t thcvc v.-ere har,drcd;= and tl'ou- 

 sacds of prayer:-,, full Ci" the luiei:;cjt: nv:an- 

 ing. offered up through Huro^ic. from Gal- 

 way to the Caucasius, from Gibrr.kr.r to 

 Archsncel. to Ilccp our hard ?'a'"ed. like 

 that of the aneicui prophet, until the b::ti;e 

 is over :.ud t!:c corquc-t won, o''a r-ure, e:> 

 lightencd. v. oil coDditicncd,aud unqucsLioued 

 . liberty, they vrould better cpprrcia'C t'-,e re- 

 sponsibilities cf their position bolbre ihf 

 world, in Avhicli iliey. were pLiccd ;o ::c: .10 

 very inipoiLcnt a part. 



liuK, vLm I'l^.,. 



u 



to t;av i;;lhii;':- A 1 



XI.- V. .,.1^.. I. ..i.t^t. iiw.j-;,* 



In rep:'.rd co the p:oper cuuivr.ucn c' tlfij 

 plant, and its adaption for hedges, espcvicnce 



■"^ 0^' '»''^V »»^.-M».-% f'lMt,-^ f'l'"*" o-.-^r-pi* I •» f ■• '^•^ Tj..-1' 



Turner fii-st recomuicnded ii^ cultivation r? 

 aheclg'C plant in the Woct. Ihis wrs many 



T-r\ -IT*-* *■< '^ ry f . ., ^ ^ (- , , U ^ C, ^ V ,^ 1- « -. r ^ ••' 



stantiy had it in cultivation, and his cspoi'i- 

 cncc aird icxuixcndaticns ci the i:ropci 

 inoda cf culture n.^v, are invaluable. These 

 who fellow out his suggestions caanot fail in 

 makine; £*ocd bed;- cs. 



The followine; article written bv Frcf 



Turner to a distinguished Horticulturi.-:: in 

 We'?tcni Now York. J. J. TnoMAG; end firist 

 publi-hcd in the Ccunlrij Genlkviav, -sro 

 copy brcj.u.se it contains J u.si the inforn.a- 

 ti'Ki re<i0.iicd l-y our Cainieis on the cr.ltivn- 

 tiou of the Osa^e a? a hedge plant : 



J. d. Thom.\s, Esq. — In reply to your 

 inquiries, 1 would s:iy that 1 ha\c watched' 

 with much interest, the prcspccts and pro- 

 gress of hedges in the West lor sonic years 

 past. Fir more than twenty years I fauvc 

 Deen fuiiy convinced that v.-ir:i us on the 

 prairies ilicre \va.s no po:--.s;ble aUi.vnative, 

 and {\\i\i wo ::ii--f l.rdijv >r,tli ::{,.V(i!tii)if, tor 

 we lu'vo no st(ine. :.nd in many plac<.s not 

 i'ldf r!u''er ci.o;!':!; t-.' keep upc^or buildinca 

 :mii.1 r.i"'ii"iiU'. ti> f-j.y ncih.!;"^ of loi'cing; aiui 

 as to hcramg ^hoL wheio !ni::di'.c!s la la( n- 

 i^auus ol 1-i.uii oi oaiil;' :iii 1 sviio' i;!U--i p;^^ 

 ibri ii'Ji tin:- oii;n;rr\ ii; ::{i ^In ci!'n'<. t ^. Ci'V 

 yc;:r. roid ::bi!o-'i cs'ciy i>.H'n; i iti the yc;'.:-, r.a 

 ti'.civ vs",;y to llio ijrrat nuikot?. or to the 

 tatJlo o.o.dcrs, it woidd frcon io oe ab.-uri!. 

 \> h;it \»\ iild prvtcft our cio]\.' :.gaiat-L t.he 

 lean, ri:d g-:unt, aiui <i:'i\ing (.'••ov-.< < I the-" 

 Mexioi'iU rangors, w!..' i^j.i o;i:.!!.s pa-^ 

 lhruu.j;!i thc^.' vcg'ioTis v;dh o,:o onv.o ttio-;- 



i?and cf t;;c:?e lean kiro in a .-isj'jle drove.' 

 A uKi'a nay ble-b ios tt.Oi^ \:\ suoa Cir:;di- 

 ticn^. ir ho i-: ;;bi.- to keep h;> c i:i. i:;y aiiti 



i.i bi ■ bM'.i or collar. 

 1:1- it :,il I ;:; ou ;h- 



[ud.'i.-.- i_ I. mil. on. .iioi ui u^ji (. ur tvra oiii- 

 .■:eiis are. wita i,aieo a sin':!o o\ooptu>n. 

 iiono^i aii-..i upiight i/.oii ..fiii a a h.a.i oan 

 now keen ihe-.o io.s;;ai!d ivoo'^i oftbio'uti 

 emigrani.^, movc.^ a'ld <.iov-r.-. hw.i teanii-j 

 down a ten r:;il iVi.ce and dvi;i!'g tkr ug.i 

 bis fields, at any rale, biO will do well, l•^ r 

 i'heso and siuiilav ioa.s-. ns, I ii:'-, e ('.ocnud 

 hedging with ti.s bi-.i^pousable. rnd Jia\e 

 nru'e m::^ny cTibu ■ i'* ilU^o^'!^:;• i;; . lul auC>' 

 .on.e '■:';i \o. .- t Xj ov;i;:oi:t ;■ i • irial ia o;u- 

 o.!r:y i:i--;oiy, I l.oo. mo ~:iil:i\l j;.i:y. (b::; 

 die Coy o'o.ioot. w;:^ t!i.' Lot ;.;,ci oi:t\ 

 pjaut iliac 111 Ui.e ]i.i'.-o V'c LOUit-i yi.oii;;i-i\ 



Ll;0. 1 t-LCOVuiUgi V Vi 11.(0 i.'K'd pOiO.iOi-t.i O.i 



the LMbjc.t in luo I'.'-u' !■■ . .:■ ■. l'i.\- ? 

 Utllie J.epoU-;. ai:d otl.cr yi^p.r-. jvu'U e.i 

 ■c.d, r.iscd plants bi'th lov 1 .yo'^ai a other;-, 

 hedged :.;1 ni v o-'m ! mOb aioi '-rouod-?, alio 

 :uriii.-iied p-'ants an-.i jeod t > <a:\ i.'ioiiuis aiai 

 pe:io::.i) iticiid.o \v)d!o tiio • 1:^. pu'ilij" Ltill 

 ridicul 'liC fi.terpiiro a - a ■ i . -rus niuit'- 

 cauli-' .cubti- n. auo wou'd uny ;.e'iher 



jilants or ::-..d. 'ihe result '.-:. ihut tn tho 

 ^kcc watrc 1 now live, i have uo otncr Icn;; • 

 u'hutcVer but the hcOiio, oa;;!.~;c i-r,-ui:u my 

 oJta Vaidi, and hi.ve a^t ha .1 lor '^'ca'.:. oi\ 

 crcthir, Mv. Av^vy Tiur.v. oi <^u:njy, ; Lo 

 bac the hedge en b.:; lain: u:v::[y cr \-aoll; . 

 -nd good bcdgc^ a:c n..w qu;:: cajy to oo 

 .uund, ap.d poor tuci toj. -L ria. i! larni o. 



( "'U or,-,-;; p'lt;,' '.00 ';;i.' T 1 ' '.' " '.'. '. , i ''O'.'l;'- 



ed bolero i uobl il, ail i;.Lo :^-' a.ro I.-:-; ; o- 

 other faiM, foutbc-ot, cf J"." ;"-\r i bcgaa 

 to hedge into b'O loti. but sola it b^i.iie 

 It w: i ccmpivtod. i iK.^•e ii.;J niaa. 

 .1 uiile cr tv, oof he duo oa Gov. IJuac.ia'.-: 

 grouGcs, i.nd the iiiiu.,i3 co-it-,c Ij-iounds. 

 .mniedl-tely joiaing or ne:.r uiy ovn houie- 

 itcad. lh:3 i did fjr t..c sa!-:o ot i->:prcv.:;y 

 my own place, in p;:rt. I i.avo also s.ld lat- 

 terly, itoai oac to two miliioui: ot tec pimts 

 to ujv easterners aaiiuady for seme '■c.r.s 



past^ lacitiy in this vicinitj. but smnciiral- 

 uiost every Jitcte in the Uiiiion; apd shall sell 

 about the same quantity this spring, mostly 

 to old customers, or in their neighborhood, 

 and at the .sr-nieold prices in .spite of thebard 

 tiiuee. 



«s feuch then i.s u.y general view— my field 

 of ob-oivatinn and experience. Now as to 

 your speeihc quc-jiicns: 



1. It ought to take four years, on good 

 rich prairie land, and no more, to maKe a 

 good stock hedge; on barren or poorer land, 

 of course it wouKi take proportionably longer, 

 uidtbs niannie ^Yus used. ..;••■ "^xj^i,. 



-. in n;y opinion, a er.mmon farm hedge 

 .'^bor.ld ';o\(.r fo onpptd at all, at least 

 nothing nio;e t!:aii to cut hack overgrown 

 .-'■•oat-, to 0','Vi liie growth, till it is (hree, or 

 il Io:v! {!o y.ar.-: oa- — ras tlie wa}" is to begin 

 a! tl:e holm^: — end tl'.o iiv.st thiisg to be form- 

 id :s :i v.goM-ii.o root, and lor this end, of 

 eonr.>o tuo io-- cii]tpn]g the better. Then 

 eo: down io the giuauu, cut oiten, and form 

 i!..^ bodge in a guigic year, beginning in earlj* 

 ^;]a■int. ' _ " 



;J. .-dii 0^5 v.ill genoraHv irrcw frcm four to 



V.' • «- 



six f 1 1 1 long -it' not. cut — seme times more, 

 v.iua od lUid cidturc are good. 



;. .'.-■ to the proportion that proves suc- 

 vv. vd. .i !i«>ida tuauv it about in proportion 

 oj i!.- eociu.rU:- tb.U have proved successful 

 JO Tlo' \i '-:.-t — ..nii TOur article or remarks in 



I a; 



st'.li 



1 1 



.:! ieog.o.cr lor iJ^57, page ooo, 



c.eary .e.s that iorth. Ihe sad fact 

 . ti^ai tbovo i:i Jiot moi^e than about one 

 ia.i:. .a :. .i I'.i::: v:Al vi:li2 any crop whatever; 

 ;i;o :.o ; iiiv ^viil not have more than two- 

 iiiiiibs 01' oov iia-f a c.'cp of anvthiner, if it is 

 ros:<ibio to blo.ndev out oi' it. Hence, if land 

 li.'l easily produce lo*j bushels of 



• tiie acio, is made to produce 

 .•;e? wiy well. Just as some 



a hcdgtj or halt" aii orchard, or no 



• ir.i::!;d at all— for it go happens 

 b a ic;;;^a or f.ili an orchard, eope- 



ti;diy ii'ri .•tliC i:»v. cr tali" that is missing, is 



aob.i.or oo ur..io:i. i oe :;0 saleable iji the mar- 



.>oi. ns jii it ;i ( ...J. I op. ' iiut our good far- 



aKV.> ia.vo b ' 



;d:OW ag dooi 



,-to.-k in 1 



iivon boVs 



li • owa, r. :.\\'.': j.iUily. 



■ K 1 s!-; 'oo i.o- a.iuaJ cost of a sood stock 



ijica \ 

 Ci vn t 



^ 



I) edge . 



•h:,t b: 



. -: .t I :a:: not ashamed to 

 .-t : y i'oacj. or tnrn against any 

 e ^.. rid. r.i't excepting thievish 

 I no lab, ael];d .".n oreraird or rather 



'o.i!go. Oi „■ ,0:1 b.;:b at the rate we now sell 

 [>lani«. o! vit oot to e.'<eccd 50 cents per rod 

 X me^t }i laad; by tho larmer himself. But 

 .: mm. 0-. the giouud tar.not make it so 

 -boapo, t.y nearly ooe-bulf. Ac leaetl would 

 ;.uc.i :„i..^r ia;...e two rods tf hedge on my 

 jv.i g.oerae, t.ioU one rod on anotaer man's 

 cv<.n li !>ot mo.o than a single mile, or even 

 a;di a i'ai.o cast:nce. For tnc trouble of 

 :iocpi:.g v"acca'"o. i.oatid getting up a team 

 o-.i .--^:i':; I"-' i-, more taan all the other 

 V. ^.k 00 io o.ao when yon are there, if but 

 >!;oec piece — a mile or less. 



o. ihc ia.c severe wiators have not injur- 

 :■: (.';/• ■■r.-jcj !:■::>: at uU. i.a'ii winier thou- 

 :;ud- aad mitiiwUS ci'voung seedlings plants 

 ccstioyod ia the nursery, as in such 

 is ihey arc :dv.\ ya liable to be. Hence 

 >re always t-be cura up in the fail: eo far as 

 ivc cun, and eecu.e them m the plant-houses; 

 .laa it is impo£;icio to bo certain of good 

 olants. taou-a cao'- 





may appear well in the 



