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THE II.I.i:S^OIS FA^RMEjR. 



cliiy i^oih. in 1' ct latv": -v ;-i;cIi huid as No. 4 

 in the liutumu i.< ''(;-.::'.i to iiali'cliv->ii.'>; iii.-in- 

 Uio. J'roi'.>. . r \..iv <^iiiiJ. t'. s u oh:}' .Soil to 

 ub.vorb as much i:i;riiiir<i;i dr.rltJir the fallow 

 as WiiuKi be f>!!f:;li:cd in jivo l.Uiuh'cdpi'Uiiils 

 of'guiiiio; liio.si! cl;tvt; cuntt;.! :!!!)'_; ;i laru;(U[u:in- 

 titv I'.f iiiso'it: bli' >iiiraU'S oi'|,!.r;i>u arc f^vii- 

 erally liorirfUtcd. Clay frnm which the air 

 is exclmied, c-\hibits a davk bhii^h colnr. 

 Tlie frost diiinvj, the \;\uUt penutratos the 

 soil, and acts intA-hauiccJ'-v by destruyin,!: t.l;c 

 adhesion of particles. Altfr draiuinpi clay it 

 is not ;'.(lvisal>l'J to briiicr to the surface more 

 than tv,o inches of new .-oil :it a time, othor- 

 vrise more is bronalit un than tlic Avliiter 

 frost, kc, can pulverise and :<weeteu, aiid 

 the first crop lh:.t follow^. I'.Diiiniic un uneon- 

 genial seed bed will not flourish. — London 

 Magnet. 



Plow IJcfpcr. 



Messrs. EliTTOHs: — There seein-s to oxif^t 

 quite a diver<iiy oi' oniiiions in reaavd to the 

 depth that land should be piowcd. ^I;iny, 

 and in my opinion, too many advocate .s]i;:l- 

 low 2:)lowing. ^\'hat is (he iii^e, say they, of 

 plowintr nj* the .v;tiid and etny. and buryin'j.- 

 the niuiiuro ai'd ^oil out of the rea(h of tlie 

 plants? Let us reason tijgcthei-. What is 

 the use of plowii.;: at all? Fs I.s iiot tluit v.e 

 may pulvevixie tlie sull and brin!:i- it to f^ueli a 

 state that the lltih- ro.ls and f'.ves ofthe} ir.nt 

 luny shoot out and irathcr up uliatevor Ihey 

 can find to nouri.sii it? Is i- I'.ot to ineorpoi-- 

 atc the manure ■\viih the soil, ar.d va-?Jw it of 

 a uiiilbrn; eunsi.^i^ i;cy a.s it i\u:;rds fjUidity. 

 etc.? i'loY.' deep. iK.ii't f ar buryiu;i' t];e 

 manure so deep th;d they w'.U liiid it. It i.~ 

 po.-^sible you m.-iv i.ot re: li>: ; so ^'ood a r-nr,. 

 tlie fir?t ycLir by bui'vliiu' tlie i.iaaure dfrply. 

 You will net lo.so. "What uia!-;'. s holLom lands 

 so much better than mos-t uplands? Isiti;n( 

 the deptli oftlie^^oil? ITyoutiiinkyouliave 

 not manure .'^ufliciont to ir.alce such a soil the 

 tirst year, act accorJiu^ily, butlicgiu iinmedi- 

 atelj'. 



What '-'runs a (isria out," .X'^ it isciilled':' Is 

 it not .shoal plowing — a scratch (/ver the soil, 

 as if you were ai'iaid of getting tmt of tin; 

 reach of Sim and ail'.' 1 \erii3' believe this 

 is the principal Ciaio: ; and the remedy iriuj-1 

 be the revcxse course of luanaceiecnt. — J. T. 

 StRtiEANX, in tlie (iiiun:.-^"\ I''(roi^r. 



A Pi.KA roTt MtiM:s. — iloi'-.:, the Kttriolc 

 Shepherd, oliserved that on land.s tenanted 

 by t:ie uiole, the i<j'ii-ri.:t in sheep wad Uiuch 

 less prevalent i'e.in \flHve il ey h.'d been on- 

 tirpated. An Inteiligent fanner in tl:e south 

 of Yi luiaiid. uiib-: : •■fniiu IuM.^ v.vA atten- 

 tive observaiion, I tVi'i siitf-^l^od that uoaniii;al 

 is more benelicl;d in hl.<caliin.u than tlie mole. 

 Thefarmef, 1 think, igMOraniiy andw;uitor.ly 

 destroys thei.!. A\'ere he to relloct a littf,', 

 and make a few obsevvatioiis, he Avould, in 

 mo.-;l CasLS. proteet ai.u liot "le.^tro}' them, a.- 

 they are very interesj'ng ;!-si?tantri to his lit- 

 bors. They destroy the wire-wnrni aud all 

 kinds of grubs, and t^o Ijenetieial is this, tliat 

 I Lave seen many f;ek-s of cum greatly inju 

 red, if not dcstmyevl, !:;; ilie moKs not being 



permitted to -worW iu tii<iii, 1 never allow 

 them to be trapp.-d. l^ai- r>i fjiV ia.st I had 

 a field i)f wheat iu which tiie ineh.i were busily 

 at worli. I wa.s anxious to preserve them, 

 but iu my ab?cace a neighlorir.g mole-catcher 



; eri!ra]ij)ed iheia. llxactly at the pl:;ce from 



i wliieh thev v.eu- removed, and for about an 



acre inrthe- into the fiehl, the wire-worm cn- 



I tirely di'stivyed my wheat. I made it my 



i business to i x.Mninc many jilaee.s in the 



iici'jliborbocid where tmps were set. In one 



field I saw eight traps in area of about an 



acre of wheat. 1 examined the place and 



found the worm at the root of almost all tho 



plants, .'^cveial other fields were examined 



where tr.ips were set in the saiue manner with 



results ah\:iys the .same." 



Some lime ago, [was pnssingAvith a friend 

 ever ;i field, and he observed that it would 

 groAV nolhing on account of the Avirc-worm. 

 J told him to get mole>. 



"Why," >aid he, "we cannot keep them 

 out of it; we destroy (juantities of them every 



I said, 'don't destroy them." 



ITc took my advice, let the moles liiind 

 their own business, and since that time the 

 (ield h.as borne exeelh-nt crops. This may 

 be new to some of your readers. — ^4 Whisflrr 

 I'f ihc Ploir in ihr Amrrkait At/rivultur- 

 ht. 



|t?Tu,The ll<-tiU'.<i[ai(ihiXH tlip following c»pi- 

 t;il article: 



AVasTK nF ExpKRii'.xcK. — A farmer's 

 experiences are so far apart that they do not 

 do him mnch good, and it takes an error five 

 or six y^irs to so .stamp itself upon his moni- 

 ury th.'it he Avill not commit it again. Ijis 

 life is made up of a series of operations, of 

 which one being done now, it is a year before 

 he does it airain. He says to himself after 

 its perfoniumee this year, "another year 1 

 mean to do so and so: X will not do this a-^ain 

 as I did this year, but will change uiy prac- 

 tice in .=onu; respects.'' Another year comes, 

 .'Old iiiiles-s tlie resolution ]ia.« taken ijarticu- 

 larly strong hold upon bis mind, and is one 

 th.d has been driven into him by some very 

 palpable failure in s(une crop, or something 

 as measurable, he will forget it. The little 

 minutia of change that lie thought about the 

 year before has gone from him, and so it goes 

 year by year. 



jf favnu-rs would put on record the prac- 

 tii'es ofycar, ]U'ecisely as they occur, with 

 all the faults, and mistakes, and nec-li/c nces 

 they arc eomliuicd with, and would use this 

 record in the next year tf> gu;Hte the same 

 practices, they would .soon become better far- 

 mers. This is easily done, and the observa- 

 tions that would not fail to be made as the 

 year goes (»n, would prove of inestimable value 

 In the next year's doiniis. 



Tliore is a sort of indefinitonoss in a far- 

 ne'r's knowledge of his own practices that 

 aris-'s from the fact tliat he lias only a ."ort of 

 general ke.owledge of how he does things, 

 and of the circuTustances that modify the 

 Miee-iss of his ojicratioiis. ,\n aeenrate de- 

 tail of his ilaily work, with observations upon 

 tlic re.-tilt of certain of them as theyear runs 

 I'll, jKi'severed in for three y(!ars, would be of 

 more value to him in his after practice than 

 h'^ can culeulate; and would be used by him 

 as a S!'rt ol guide, and referred to in every 

 after ye.ar of Iiis life as a rule to work bv. 



We ha\e said before, perhaps often, that if 

 farmers would only do as well as they know 

 how to do, they would all oftheni be better far- 

 id it is the irio.st sinirular ihintrinthe 



world, that men who will stint themselves in 

 every luxury and very nuuiy of the necessi- 

 ties of life to make money, who will be care- 

 fe.l to the verge of parsimony in the expen- 

 diture of every cent they dbsburse. who will 

 labor with untiring vigilance from early 

 morning to late night, and so day by day and 

 year by year, with "unpausing toil," will let 

 slip tlirough their fingers from sheer want of 

 care, a large portion of what should and 

 mitrht be the honest meed of their labors. 

 The experiences of the year, every idea 

 gained, is as nundi a portion of the profits of 

 the year as the crops harvested. If he leaves 

 ungarnered the only portion of his year's gain 

 that will not, in the future, be diminished in 

 the using, is he not more wasteful than he 

 who allows his grass to stand over time, and 

 his potatoes to Avaste in the ground, because 

 he is too careless or lazy to dig them? 



-••»- 



The Best Fruit Bottles. 



USE NO CORKS. 



An article bearing the above title, giving 

 the personal experience of the editor's fami- 

 ly — AVJT-find in the Ruralint of Springfield, 

 Oliio. We have often claiiued for avcII sealed 

 jars and bottles, all the advantages of the 

 modern fruit cans, s; If-scalers, etc., a new 

 set of which with new patent rights, tind new 

 claims of superiority fluod the Uiarkct, the 

 sidewalk and the show Avindows every year, 

 as periodically as the autumn comes. 



These things are of tlie same value to the 

 communitv, that are the tiovl Aveeklies, — 

 the mushroom literature Avliich does not 

 live, in the mind of its readers, till the date 

 oftlic publication of the paper. Thati.s — as 

 it is a good thing if a certain class of people 

 can be induced to read anything, even worth- 

 less tra.sh that they cannot remember over 

 night, so it is u.seful to induce some people 

 to use worthless cans, that will not preserve 

 the fruit three month.?. They acquire therc- 

 bv a desire to preserve fruit that will lead 

 them to the use of better means. 



The Jiurtdisl's method is this — the editor 

 says : 



"The better halfofthe editor hereof, wishes 

 the readers of the Jiundi.tf to try her plan 

 for putting up fruit, if they are not posted 

 in it already, and see if it has not ease and 

 safety to recommend it. She lays aside all 

 self sealing cans, patent glsLSS jars, earthen 

 and fancy .stone-ware, of which we have such 

 a variety in the market, preferring a simple, 

 plain glass bottle, any sort or size of a glass 

 bottle that has a wide mouth. If the best 

 and safest, they are al.so the cheapest, as quart 

 bt./ttles may be got i'or a dollar per dozen, or 

 a dollar and a half at most. 



Place the bottles on the hearth Avhile the 

 fruit is cooking in another vessel. Let them 

 heat very trradually, and there is no danger 

 of break i'ng. Do not cook the fruit too much. 

 Be careful and have it a* the boiling point 

 when the bottle is filled, that the steam may 

 displace all the air in the bottle, and leave a 

 vacum when it condenses in cooling. 



Then 7iyr no rorks in sealing. If there is 



