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174 



THE ILX.i:^^OIS F^\.IIMEII. 



lu>;id of Spring Flowering Bulbs. The 

 flower gardon cannot bo coiuplete without a 

 goorl assortniont of these. 



Alterations in the flower garden, lawn, or 

 shrubbery, now may be made, such as mak- 

 ing flower beds, new walks, graveling, sod- 

 ding, i^'e. Tlie soil is now in a better eondi- 

 tion to work, and this is generally a Uiore 

 leisure season than the spring. 



Transjilnnting many of the deciduous trees 

 and shrubs may be done immediately after 

 the fall of the leaf. All fall planting is bet- 

 ter done early. If left till just before hard 

 frosts set in,* better leave it till t<jiring. 

 ^lany of the hardiest shrubs Idooui earlier 

 and better, the next season, by being planted 

 early iu the fall. The pyrus japonica, 

 altheas, syringas, spireas, kc, arc of this 

 class. 



Cultivation of Cucumbers. 



Last spring a friend of mine and myself 

 were planting cucumbers at the same time. 

 I was planting mine as usual in gardens, by 

 mixing a small portion uf stable manure witli 

 the earth, and raising the hill an inch or two 

 above the level of the ground. Observing 

 it, he jocosely reuuu-ked: "Let me show 

 you how to raise cucumbers." Never having 

 had much luck in raising them, I cheerfully 

 agreed to his proposition. He commenced 

 by making holes in the earth at the distance 

 intcuded for hills, that would hold about a 

 peck; he then tilled them with dry leeched 

 ashes, covering the ashes with a very small 

 quantity of earth. The seeds were then 

 planted on a level with the surface of the 

 ground. I was willing to sec the experi- 

 ment tried, but had no expectation of any- 

 thing but a loss of seed, labor and soil. Jlut 

 imagine my astonishment, (notwithstanding 

 a dryer season never was known, and almost 

 a universal failure of garden vegetables,) 

 when I beheld the vines remarkably tlirifty, 

 and as fine a crop of cucumbers as any one 

 could wish to raise, and they continued to 

 bear for an unusually long time. I will not 

 philosophize on the subject, but say to all — 

 try it ; and instead of throwing your ashes 

 away, apply them where they will be of use, 

 and you will reap a rich reward. — Kc- 

 chamjc. 



<•* 



Ij'rom tUo Kural Now Yorker. 



Giipes in Chiekens. 



Jl^'.s-.sr.s. ^(/,s.: — Having noticed an incpii- 

 ry as to the cause and cure of gapes in chick- 

 ens, accompanied by the remarks of the edi- 

 tor, in a late number of the llurdi, J take 

 the liberty to present a theory as to the cause; 

 and also, a sure remedy. As far as my ob- 

 servation extended, the disease is cau.sed ))y 

 a white "hair worm " (found in chij) yards) 

 getting into the throat of the chick, thereby 

 choking it. The remedy is as follows : Fill 

 a pijie with tul)aceo, as for smoking, and af- 

 ter lighting, (instead of inserting the steii: 

 into your own mouth and whilHug the smoke 

 iuto the atmosphere, thereby jjoisoning tlic 



air you breathe, ) insert the stem into the I>ill 

 of the chick, and by placing your thumb and 

 fore-linger on each side of the bill, so as to 

 force as much of the smoke down tiie throat 

 and wind-pipo as possible, then blow into the 

 bowl of the pipe and continue to do so until 

 the chick begins to "wilt" and lop its bead ; 



then lay it down and it will, after a time, 

 begin to recover from the effects of the 

 snmke, and being once up again, it will in- 

 dignantly throw the worms (Uit of Its breath- 

 ing ami gastronomic apparatus and be per- 

 fectly recovered tVum the disease. 



J. U. Baker. 

 Eui^t r/mnalia, X. Y., isr,8. 

 ••• 



From t!i(! Oiiro Utizctte. 

 Cairo and Fulton Railroad. 



The most important public work for the ben- 

 efit ot Ciiiro, in contemplation, is the Ciiiro and 

 Fult'in llailroiul. The CMmpletion of this road 

 even so fiir as Bloouiliol.l, Mo. will open to our 

 merohants a heuvy trade now oeiitereil at Cape 

 Girardeau a!ul St. Louis. The difficulty of 

 access to market has k'.'pt .south western Mis- 

 souri and northern Arkansas as it were a 

 •'sealetl bo<ik," the scfilers Iteing obliged to 

 make a circuit <>f nearly one hundred nules to 

 reach a shi[)ping point. Lately, tho Iron 

 M.iuntain UuhMuJ ha.s been coinf)leted to 

 Pilot Iviiub, thirty miles from Bio )uifioid and 

 .seventy five from St. Louis; this gives readier 

 access to m.-trkot, and airea'ly has produced a 

 market iiiHuerice upon the eiiuntry. But Htill 

 a more direct and aecessddcavenue to tlie";reut 



CD 



luiirts both east and soutli is rerjuireii — one 

 that would put them in eommunicaticai with 

 New Orleans, the great depot of western pro- 

 ducts, and this want is to he filh-ii by the Cairo 

 and Fulton Railrord, and wluch we expect to 

 see iu ojierat'on as far as Bloomfield, in the 

 month of Jiiiiuary, 1800. 



Tlie entire length oi this road when comple- 

 ted will lie eighty miles, twelve miles of wliich 

 to Ctiarli'Ston, are nearly ready for tfie ties. 



Owing to the heavy overflow last summer, 

 operations upon the work were suspended, and 

 eome slight dama^^e done t > that portion of the 

 road already graded. Three ihou.sand dollars 

 will, hi wever, repair all damage, instead of ten 

 thousand, aa at first reported. Between Bird's 

 Point and Charleston, a portion of tressil work 

 and piling jet remain to incorporate; the 

 balance ot the work with the exception of a 

 few };a])S, is in good order, and the tiack-layers 

 will commonce operations early next; month. — 

 Iron for thirty miles of tlie ro::d has been pur- 

 chased, of which thirteen hundred tons Is en 

 t!io wa3, and will be here in two weeks at the 

 farthest. llolling st.ck, consisting of two 

 locomotives, two passenger and fifteen freijiht 

 ears, which will be fully sufHcient to equi[) the 

 first division, have also been purchased, and 

 will be on the ground as soon aa necessity re- 

 quires. 



The resources of this Company are equal to 

 those of any otiier road of similar extent in 

 the West, and its affairs have been po admira- 

 bly conducted that even during the wtude of 

 the present financial crisis, its credit remained 

 uniinpiiired. The projeo;ors and stoi-kholders 

 being men of ample means, wistdy refused to 

 embarrass the u'ldertaking hy loroing its b-rnds 

 upon the marker, but proft'rred to nrosccute 

 tlie work only h-o fast us the means in hand 

 would permit, thus avoiding the error upon 

 which so many western roads went to ruin, and 

 caused tiio prosent dc: rcciati jn of ail manlier 

 of railro -d scouriiii-s. 



It is sa'e to sav tliar the bond-s of tlie Com- 

 pariv will iiMrv" t uiii [lay the entire cost ot"cuu- 

 sini rtion and <'(piipinent of the road in tho 

 most substantial manner. Five haiulred and 



soveuty-one thou.sand acres of tlie finest land 



in south western Missouri have been donated 



to the Company, which, at, five dollars per 

 acre — a moderate estimate when the road is 

 cotnjietei — will bring in §2,!So5,U00 — while 

 the entire e ist of the road, incluJin;,; interests, 



Commissions, di.-'cunts on bonds, etc., will not 

 ex-eed 5>2 OSO.OUO. In addition to this land 

 jrrant. the road tias paid in sto>:k subscriptions 

 $52,150, and loans from the Slate of Missouri 



to the amount of §050,000, having twenty and 

 thirty years to run, at per cent, interest. 

 These State bonds are drawn only as the road 

 progressep, and are applied strictly to the 



work. 



Thus it will be seen that the Compary have 

 benefitted — as population pcurs in, and markets 

 are offered for their proebicts, prices will be en- 

 hanced, their lands rapidly increase in value, 

 and all the discomforts and inconvenience of a 

 sparsely settled uountry bo remeiiiod. 'ihe 

 Cairo and Fulton road is one of the most impor- 

 tant works to tho west in prcgre-s, and we are 

 rdeased that it has fallen into such prudent 

 hands as will assuredly secure its early comple- 

 tion. 



91,00. 

 3,75. 

 7,50. 



IljIjinsrOIS F -A. li 3VE E I^ 

 FOR 1850. 



Clubs cannot be made up too early. We 

 appoint every suliscriber we have and every 

 post master in the State as Agents. 

 Remember the Terms ! 



One Copy im:r ykau 



Five Coi'ie.s " 



Tk\ Copies " . 



riFTEEN Copies, and over, G'2\ cents 

 per copy. 



An extra copy will be sent to persons get- 

 ting ten subscribers and over. 



The great political excitement will be 

 ended in a few days, and farmers will find it 

 u pleasure to return to the duties of the 

 farm. 



We hope to improve on the Farmer the 

 ensuing year, and render it of essential be- 

 nefit to its sub.scribers. 



We appeal to our agricultural friends to 

 increase our patrouage. We have no travel- 

 ing agents. 



October 20, 1858. 



COMMERCIAL. 



Sprluiflield Market~Oct. 30. 



WIIKAT— 70(?/.R0rSlai; 

 FI-ODR— .s4 &u(a J;5 -r^. brl; 

 COltN— tUffijiJO l)ii; scarce; 

 COKN MKAli— 70 V' Iju; 

 IJUOlvWUKAT— Jl; 

 OATS — 30i-^. t>u;uone; 

 15 !•: ^ S S— Tufdiloij -j), bu; 

 liKAN— Uicit'l«u; 

 .-Uitirr— l.i V bu; 

 '11 MOTIIY SEKD— |2i if.bu; 

 HU.\(iAI!lANGr.Sefil$-.JoO; 

 Mli.I-ET— j:l 2a; 

 OI.OVKK— fT-fi bu; 

 NKW I'OVATOKS— GodiTJ; 

 'I'AY— ;?S "[J ton; 

 TAI-fiOW— So r' If"; 

 SOAI'— tKir; li' ,c r>. lb; 

 CANDI.KS— lK-£< box; 

 I'oltK— .^4 t' IWi lt>s; 

 15.\CoN — Nuw Imiu.H. 7@S lb, 

 IIACUN— 5iilo3, 7ra.s ft; 



E(iGS— 5r(i,7c i^ (l'>z; 



LARD— bC" l"CTrll^>; 

 SUOAR— 8((vl0c'E<lb; 

 COFFKE— lo(<t'loc~i^, lb; 

 MOLASSKS — i5((! 00c ^, givl; 

 SALT— il 75 V sack; 

 SALT— f J ;.0t' brl; 

 HONKY— l&ct'fc; 

 ONIONS— jil X* bu; 

 MACK KKEL-l;<((?20c No. 1; 

 CODFISH— $u 7& x' lU^J •*«; 

 Al'l'LKS— (irofU, OUfy^^i; 

 APl'LKS— Dried. 2 %> b": 

 WOOD— J3 bO(.i ^4 ^ cord; 



COAL— IJc V I'u; 

 I'lvACIl KS— Uriel none; 



WlUSlvV— V- 1)1 25(-i,-Ut'gftI; 

 VIMCOAH— '• 12 t* pal; 

 HKOO.MS— V- <lo/. 1 o^Htli■2. 50 

 ULTTKlir-15t(t>-i5(; -^, Iti. 



St. Louis Market.— Oct. 23. 



VUKTOUTS— To Nfw Orleans. Flour 6Uc iiud Wliisky $1 10 

 "j' bill: iMiiiiiil Irciirbt li.'ic t< lUU Ib.s. 



FI.OLI! — Suli'< U)-.l!iy "1 two lot« of 1,000 Iil.ls «iii-h of city 

 FUlurtiuciit >:4 :M) \> It) lOO coDiitiy Kiiixlliimiit ;j4 •2n. lOU lb 

 extra nil private lui Ills; 50 sks luticy at $2 Ho *f^ -sack, aud 

 loo do lit ^-Z 10 



WUK.VT — Low griidcM dull— <'bi>ice n fair ri"'|ue«t; sales 

 (if t"-d ly iiii'ludr So hkH \mnr f\niuj; at 40i';;>o and loosks do 

 at oOc: l.VJ :"ks do at bUo; Oti do at tile; 51 and S'i ska at G6c; 

 l.'is at TOr; liii, NT, l]'-\, 140 and Jiis skaspriii^i a' ~i)v; 01 pka do 



ut 77);/: ^5i! ok* cliil) :it 7^e U'lnki lili'ucliud f.ill at 75c; 20i) 



inferior Bt Mio; 'JiiOaud 120 sk* ;it S:!c; 100 at S2i.^,i-; 1,000, 140 



\)\ and ;!.'iO sUh at sjc; 171 sks at S7 ' ^fi; 75 bU-< lU '-'Oi-; 107 .iks 

 lit OOc; :10. 'J'iand l;;2-kH at '.Mio: ]4ii sIjm at $.\; 147 sks at *! 

 (0 I 02: I-iO rikn at $\(<i I Ou, ::;; l-.:u and Isj skB ut :^1 UO; 2'JO 

 Bks at jl 10 r» busbil. 



Cdit^ liiw s-ile; we outy noted ealcs to-d ly of SI Bks 



daiiiaifd at i"i2c; Mo hks atoOc, and 47 aud 200 sks wliiteat 

 5Sc: "t> 1)11. 



OA'l'S — Silos to-day were 261 sacks ut 45c; 1S9 s h at 50c 



