gm'm-^'f'Wff"^^'T'-)*i-^T-\':F~^^ 



254 



THE ILLINOIS FARMER. 



on the surface, these fibres extend to the 

 depth of ten or tuelve inches, and the 

 soil should be in condition to favor this 

 extension. Otherwise, when drouth 

 comes on, the growing plants will feel 

 it; and once checked in their growth, from 

 this or anj other cause, they never again 

 fully recover. 



Having lived for the last thirty years 

 in the midst of fields of onions, where 

 more than one hundred thousand barrels 

 of best quality are annually gathered, I 

 have presumed te make these sugges- 

 tions. If they should find favor in 

 your sight, and place in your excellent 

 paper, perhaps more of like character on 

 other crops, may be forthcoming in due 

 season. J. W. P. South J)anvers, 

 Mass. 



"Netting Hogs." 

 Or in other words, to find the net 

 weight when the gross weight is given, 

 is to some a difficult operation. Any 

 one who can read figures, can see at a 

 glance, by the following table, what the 

 net weight of a hog is. The table is 

 made from the "Kentucky Rule," that 

 is, for the first 100 lbs. deduct 22 lbs. for 

 gross; for the second 100 lbs. deduct 12i 

 lbs.; and for the third 100 lbs. deduct 6i. 

 All over the third hundred is net. 



Pounds- lbs Oz. 



100 groit will net 75 



105 •• " 79 6 



110 «• " SS 12 



116 " « 98 2 



120 " •« 93 8 



125 « " 96 14 



^^i^ <( « 101 1 



AOM •■•... '••■••I*. ....■.■••....••..•••••••*••.•• Iv & ^ 



135 " " 105 10 



140 « " -. 110 



145 " " - 114 6 



160 " " « 118 12 



lo» " " 123 2 



160 " " 127 8 



166 " " 181 14 



170 " " 136 4 



175 •« •' .140 10 



180 « " ~ » 143 



186 " «' .148 8 



100 << " 158 12 



200 " *• 168 ■ 



205 « " 162 8 



210 " « 167 3 



216 " " "174 14 



220 " •' —.178 » 



235 " " ••182 4 



230 •• " 185 15 



235 " " 190 10 



240 " " 185 6 



245 •' « .200 



250 " " ~ 209 6 



255 « " 214 1 



260 " " .218 12 



2«5 " " 'iiZ 7 



278 " " 228 2 



375 " •' 232 13 



280 " " 237 8 



285 " " 242 S 



290 " " 246 14 



295 « " '251 



300 " " .258 



••• 



I. I S T OF 



PRE :m I tjm:s 



YO Bl AW4BDED AT TBE FIRgT IXHIIITION •? THK 



POnOLOGIGAL kM UORTICULTDRAL SOCIETY 



or souTaEBK illikoii. 



To be held at Jonesboro, in Union Couuly, 



May 31 aud June 1, 1859. 



la- Daring th« forenoon of the first d«y, none bat •zbib 

 itora or members of awarding comniitteas will be admitted. 



The evening of each dajr will be devoted to tbe discussion 

 of pomological and horticultural subjects. 



All, whether living wiihiu tbe boundaries of the society 

 or not, are inTited to compote for premiums. 



Where agricultural or borticultural books or papers are 

 awarded as premiums, should the recipients be, already, 



Bubscribers to paid papers, or hiiTC received the same in some 

 other award, permife'SioD will be given to select from th* list 

 some other book or paper of equal price. 



Magazines and papers, offered as premiums, will be sent 

 for oao year. 



When there are no competitors, no premium wil be awar- 

 ded, unless the article exhibited i» really meritorious. 

 Clasa A — No. I. 



Rest floral design, to be conspicaoos iu size, well-propor- 

 tioned and tastefully arranged— " UorticultnralUt," with 

 colored plates. 

 Second best fioral design— "Rural New Yorker." 

 Best and most tastefuhy arranged floral wreath — "Ohio 

 Fanner." 



2ud best fliiral "9 reath — " Valley Fermer." 

 Best floral aroh—" Gardener's Montblyt' 

 2ad beat floral arch — '• Brt;ck's Bnok ot Flowers." 

 Beat and moat tnatefully arranged pair of large boquets 

 for THNoa- "'Couutry QenUenien " 



2nd best pair l«rge boquets — "Oliio Cuetivator." 

 Best and moat tastefully arranged pair of vases or shells 

 with flovteis — •' Barry's k'. B " 



Best display of choice and well grown hardy flowers, by 

 an amateur- "III rt ," with colored p'ates. 

 2iid best dinplny of flowers — "O Cultivator." 

 The SHme by a professional florist or nuraeyman — '•Ilort " 

 with co'ored pUtes. 

 Znt beMt of tbe ame — "llllaota Farmer " 

 CoMMiTrKi. — Mra Col. Ashley Joaenboro ; Mrs. A. E. 

 Cory, CVntraUa ; Mrs. J. P. Keynolds, Salem; Mrs. B. L 

 Wiley, Joneaboro; Mra. W. B. Formau, Nashville ; Jfrs. A. 

 r. Starr, Alton. 



Claaa A— .No. 3. 



Best and greatest display ot hardy Jane roses — "Uorey's 

 Magaaine. 

 2nd bnst display of roses — " Valley Parmer." 

 Best diaplay of perpetual roses — " Thomas' F.B." 

 Beat display of Kreeuhouse pluuts in tiluom — "Hort." with 



colored plates. 



2ud bftgt I f greenhouse plants — "O. Cultivator." 



B< St display of wild flowers, coirectly named — "Ohio Far- 

 mer " 



2nd beet display of wild flowers — " lllinoia Farmer." 



Best display of the the greatest variety of wild flowers 

 unnamed—" KUiott's F. li." 



Best display of Pansies — "Valley Farmer." 



Best display of Delphlnuma — " Breck's B, of F." 



Best diaplay of liollitud Bulbs— do. 



Best display of fink— do. 



Beat display of Phloxes — do, 



Best di;9play of Annuals- do, 



Beat display of Spireaa — do. 



Beet display of Cut Flowers — do. 



ConMiTiiE — Sir. Danphry, Central City ; Mrs. J. M.Radd, 

 Salem; u.rs. J. D. Wood, Nashville; Mrs. 0. B Overman, 

 Rloomiugton ; Mra. K. Chandler, Belleville; Mr. D. L Phil- 

 lips, Jonesboro. 



Class A— No. 3. 



Pest botanical collection — " Country Gentleman." 



Best aooloKicil collection — "Pr»irie Farmer." 



Best geological collection—" Oout. Press " 



Largest collection uf insects deBtrnctive to fruits or flow- 

 ers, correctly named — •' Hort." with colored plates. 



Largest cull ctiun of same, destructive to garden vegeta- 

 bles— "Haral New Yorker." 



CoMMiTTES. — S. S Coupon, Jonesboro ; J. II. McChcsney, 

 Springfield ; Dr. Q . W. Uotchkiss, Ashley. 



Class A— No. 4. 



Best Essay on Orramental Gardening — " Rural N. Y." 



Best plan for flower garden — "*>. Farmer. ' 



Best Essay on Fruit Urowing in Southern Illiaoig—"Coan- 

 try Gentleman'" 



CoMMiTTU. — Mr. Marschalk, Jonesboro ; M. L. Wilcox 

 Ceutralia; L. D. Silling, Kinmundy ; M. L. McCord, Cen- 

 t:ailia. 



Claaa B— No. 5. 



Best display of last year's fi nits — "Prairie Farmer." 



2nd t)eet diaplay of fruit — "uhio Cultivator," 



Best aiu J greattst variety of strawberiiss— "(iardoner's 



Monthly." 

 Best single variety of strawberries — "Uovey's Magazine." 

 Best display and greatest variety of currants — '-Cenintlia 



Press " 



Best display and greatest variety of gooseberries — "Rural 



New Yorker." 

 CoMM iTTia - Oov. Casey, Mt. Vernon ; Dr. Brooks, Ashley ; 



Jae. d Martin, Balem ; John White, Marion; 8. L. Owes, 



Wltliamson county. 



Class B—Na.6— Canned Fauits, &c. 



Beat canned peaches — "Vall«y Farmer." 



" " Apples— '-Ohio Cultivator." 



" " Prara— "111 Farnur." 



<< «' Plums— do. 



" " Blackberries — do. 



" " Uaxpbfrries — do. 



" " Currants — do. 



" " ttoiseberries — do. 



" Apple butter — do. 



" Quiace jelly — do. 



*• Collection of canned frnl's— do. 



" Collection of preserved fruits — d ). 

 CoMHlTTKl. — W. R. Arthur, Centralia; Mrs. Lewis Klls- 

 worth, Naierville; James Bradley, Bradley; Mrs. N. D. 

 lugraham, Ceutralia; Mrs. D.J. Pa ker, Ealem ; Mrs. B. G 

 Roots, Taiaaroa, 



Class C— No. 7. 



Best and greatest variety of garden vegetables — "Gardiner's 

 Manthly" 

 2nd best variety of vegetables — "Illinois Farmer." 

 Beat to uatoes — "Ilovey'a Magaaiue." 

 Beat I'Brrota — " Prairie Kariner." 

 Best bests— "Centriiilia Press" 

 Best early turnips — ' Prairie Farmer." 



Dest early radishes — "Centralia Press." 



Best early lettuce — " lUiuois Farmer." 



Best early cress— do. 



Best early encumbers— " Prairie Farmer." 



Best early asparagus- ''Centralia Prets " 



Best early cabbnge — "Illinois Farmer." 



Best variety of rhubarb — "Centralia Press." 



Best three varieties of rhubarb — " Rural New Yorker." 



Best earl? peas— " Prairie F:rnier." 



Best early beans — "Centrailia Press." 



Best diaplay of vegetables out of season (t.(. fsrcod)— 

 " Gardiner's Monthly." 



Best greeo corn — " Prairie Farmer." 



Committee.— C. W. Webster, Salem ; B. Pullen, Centralia; 

 0. B. Nlcholls. Carlyle; Joseph Barber, Richview; D. L. 

 Phillips, Jonesboro; T. J. Johnson, Centralia; W. W. B*n« 

 net, Jonesbora ; Dr. Owen Bainbridge. 



Claas D— No. 8. 



Best display of wax fruit- "Rural New Yorker." 

 Best difplay of wax flowers — "Country Guntleiuan;" 

 Committer.- Mrs. Phineas Peaso, Ceutralia; Mrs. John 



Oall, Central City; Mrs Primmer, Fandoval; Mrs. E. H. 



Uowell, Cen ral City; Mrs J. G. Vanghn, Walesa; Mrs. R. 



Bond, Carlyle. 



Claaa D.-No. O. 



Best painting in oil— "Ohio Farmer." 

 " Painting in water — do. 

 " Display of ambrotypes — do. 

 " Display of daguerreotj- pea — do. 

 " Fruit painting in oil--do. 

 " Fruit paintinK in water — do. 

 CoMMiTTsa. — W 8. Wat, Greenville; George Bbninger, 

 Salem ; D.Mc Vein, Anna; Mrs. N. Drestor, Anna : Mrs Col. 

 Baiubridge, South Pass; Mrs. J. M. Hunter, Ashley. 



Clssa E—iNo. lO— Mlacellaneoua. 



Best bouquet of dried flowers and leaves — "B. B. of Flow- 

 ers." 



Best eollection oi native mosses — "B. B. of F." 



Best display of horticultural tools— "Hort." 

 " Horticultural books and papers — "ITort." 



Committei. — A. J. J. Pearcy, Centralia; John D. Wood, 

 NashTille ; Dr. Ilotobkiss, Ashley. 



NatlTe Wlues, &c. 



BastCatawha wit • — "Dowring's fruit baok " 

 " Isabella wine— "Harry's frnit book." 

 " Currant Wina — "Themaa' frnit book." 

 " Wine from other fruits or vegetables — "Blliott'l 

 fruit book." 



Best cider — "Downing's F. B." 



COMMiTTii.— Governor John Reynold, Belleville; Dr. J. C. 

 Warden, Cincinnati; S Francis, Si.ringfield ; J. A. Kenni- 

 cott, West Northfleld; Judge Breese, Carlyle; Phineas 

 Pease, Centralia; Judge Haynie, Cairo; John Dougherty, 

 Jonssboro ; John T. Preston, Nashville. 



Discretionary, 



NoTi. — Under this head, all articles not enunisratsd in th* 

 above Hat will be entered and premiums awarded the same 

 as if they had been regularly listed. In thii clasi only flrat 

 preminms will be awarded. 



Committee. — J. E. I obdell, Centralia; Thos: A.Morton, 

 Carbondale; D. H, Brush, Carbondale ; Jacob Zimmerman, 

 Makenda- Paul Wstkins, Dn Quoin: M. Beckwitb, Pana; 

 Wm. M. Bird, Vandalia; Sid. Olney Times, Olney ; Pres of 

 McKendree College, Lobitnon. B.O. ROOTS, Pres't. 



K. D. INRQABAM, Sec'y. 



Some of Franklin's Maxims. 



ne that by the plow would thrive, 

 Himsel Tmust either hold or drive. 



The following from the pen of the great 

 American philosopher, Dr. Franklin, 

 should be printed in letters of gold, and 

 hung up in every schoolroom, side by 

 side with the usual a-b ab dog latin, and 

 other nonsense with which our children's 

 minds are crammed, and which seems to 

 be the rule in our modern system of tu- 

 ttion. 



There will be a time when a professor- 

 ship of political economy will be consid- 

 ered as absolutely necessary to every 

 school. But that time is not yet. At 

 present we have nothing but profusion 

 and shameful waste, on the one hand, 

 while abject poverty, meanness of spirit 

 and total carelessness, is too much ob- 

 servable on the other. These are the 

 two extremes which characterize our 

 present false state of things in a physi- 

 cal point of view — all laid to the score 

 of false training, from the highest to the 

 lowest. But hear what "Poor Richard'' 

 says : 



1. Plow deep while sluggards sleep. 



