THE iLLiisrois f^r]sj:er. 



65 



Drath of a. H. Ebnst. — This noble man has gone from 

 among the pomologist3 of Ohio. He died at his residence, in 

 Cincinnati, February 13, 1S60, aged eixty-four yeara. Dr. 

 Wardor paid a worthy tribute to his memory, before the Cin, 

 cinnati Horticultural Soi iety, but our space is too limited to 

 transfer it to our pagts. It was a tribute, worthy of both the 

 living and the dead. The last labor of love in which the de- 

 ceased was engaged, was [to rescue from oblivion the history 

 of the early pioneers of fruit culture in the Northwest; and 

 we are gratified to learn that a large part of this work has 

 been accomplished . Thus, one after another of the leaders 

 in the pomological army pass away — ^but none have made a 

 greater void in the circle than the generous and noble hearted 

 Ersst. 



SPROCTiifa OSAOB AND LoccsT SEED. — Osage seed should be 

 covered with warm, almost boiling water, and left to stand in 

 a warm room, and water changed once a day; warm water af- 

 ter the first application, until the seed shows signs of sprout- 

 ing, which is manifest by a minute white ipeck at the small 

 end of the seed; plant at once in newly plowed ground, and 

 cover them half inch deep; don't sow too thick— a bushel to 

 five pecks to the acre. A bushel of seed should make 10",000 

 plants. Two or three old seed is good, but will require longer 

 soaking — five to ten days is required to sprout the seed, de- 

 pending on age of seed and condition of temperature. Don't 

 sow until sprouted, and then in damp earth. Pour boiling 

 water on the locust seed, and let it stand in a warm place to 

 swell, which will require about twenty-four hours. The seed 

 that do not so swell out full and plump, can have another ap- 

 plication. We put in a bowl or some dish of crockery ware, 

 and pour the boiling water from the tea kettle, and at the 

 same time stir up the seed. Plant as you do Osage. 



BwEBT PoTATOE MANUAL. — We are in receipt of a portion 

 of the proof sheets of this valuable little booklet, by John W. 

 Tenbrook, of Rockville, Ind., the Swebt Potatob Mam of 

 the Northwest. We shall make extracts from it next month. 

 Those growing this delicious edible, should send for a copy at 

 once, either to the publisher or some one of his agents, or 

 those sprouting potatoes purchased of him. Price 25 cents. 

 Don't plant sweet potatoes too early; say not till May or June; 

 but get the Manual first, to know just how to do it. 



Exchanges, Etc. — It should be borne in mind, that ex- 

 changes should be marked, '^Illinois Farmer, West Urbana," 

 and all communications for the editor, to the same office, 

 while all business letters should be directed to the publishers, 

 SprlniiCeld. Those who wish to club with JTorticulivridt, 

 Gardentr'i Monthly, etc., can address either, as most con- 

 venient. 



Tomatoes in Egypt. — J. H. Baker Is planting ten acres 

 near Cobden. It is probable that others will put in large lots. 

 Last year tomatoes and other garden sauce, did not pay veiy 

 well, what with poor prices, the rascality of Chicago huck- 

 sters and high express rates, the thing became top-heavy, and 

 went under. We hope our Egyptian friends will have better 

 success this season. 



The Flower Garden. — Now is the time to begin work in 

 the flower garden — that is, the setting of hardy shrubs and 

 plants. Dahlias, bedding out plants, and annuals must not 

 be set out yet. In setting roses, cut them back freely, 

 and they will grow and bloom all the better. All of our month- 

 ly roses have been left out in garden; they were cut back in 

 the fall and a few shovels fidl of earth thrown over them. 



Setting out Orchards. — We cannot too strongly urge 

 upon our farmers the necessity of setting out orchards, and 

 not only orchards but the small fruits. There are thousands 

 of farmers in the State who have been staying, we will not 

 say living, on farms without even a dozen currant bushes, to 

 •ay nothing of apples, the great staple. Currants, Goose- 

 berries and Strawberries, if set this spring and well cared for, 

 will yield ncf inconsiderable amount of fruit next season. The 

 cost is but trifling, ten dollars will pay for quite a plantation. 

 Make up your minds good friends to procure those health 

 giving and delicious fruits for the family. To the hundred Apple 

 trees add one hundred Currant, twenty-five Houghton 

 Gooseberry, five hundred Strawberry, a dozen Myatt'i Vic- 

 toria Rhubarb, half a dozen Grape Vines, a few Pears, 

 Peaches, May Cherries, Raspberries and Blackberries. 



Farming is not an institution made ex-pressly to own all the 

 land that joins you, but for the purpose of enjoying life like a 

 rational being. Without an abundance of fruits and vegeta- 

 bles your family will sicken in the hot days of summer for 

 want of the vegetable acids that nature intended to secure 

 good health. As you love thera, do not let the season of 

 planting to go by. By consulting our advertising columns 

 you will see where you can get these things cheaply, ofreliable 

 men. Send your order to the nursery, and let tree quacks go 

 "t something else for a living. 



IIcBBARD SQnA.?H. — To-day, '(March 24th) we had the last 

 of our winter stock for dinner. This is of course, as long as 

 they would keep with us this spring; but we hope to have them 

 in such number next season, that they will go through to June 

 If they will keep sound to that time. Everybody should grow 

 the Hubbard. 



Native Evbroreens. — The Rev. Isaac Marvin proposes to 

 procure nativ* evergreens for the dwellers on our prairie 

 tslopes. That Mr. M. will do the work dilligently and falth- 

 u!!y, we have such full confidence, that we have pven him 

 an order for 25,0^0 trees for our own grounds; and this with 

 20,000 silver maples from Mr. PuUen, we think will tend to 

 make us a little comfortable from the sweeping winds of the 

 north and southwest. In ordering native evergreens, we 

 would recommend the small ones, and on arrival would bed 

 them out in rows as close as they can be conveniently seU — 

 Sprinkle a little straw over them to take off a part of the 

 sun's rays, and let them stand one or two seasons, when they 

 are ready for setting out in the belts. Those of our friends 

 who cannot wait this slow process by which they make a large 

 saving, will do well to consult the card of Mr. Edwards, who 

 has the trees now ready for the open belt. 



Thi Prairii Farmbr. — This paper is the pioneer of the 

 agricultural press In the North- West. In 184 >, John S. Wright 

 of Chicago, a young man of no practical experience in farm- 

 ing, but imbued with a love of rural life, undertook to publish 

 an agricultural paper. In the session of the Legislature of 

 1S39 a charter had l)een granted for an agricultural society, 

 "for the sole purpose of instruction and science, and im- 

 provements in scientific and practical agriculture, and the 

 mechanical arts, in the ccanties of LaSalle, Cook, McHenry 

 and Kane." Mr. Wright was elected corresponding secreta- 

 ry, and In September commenced the publication of his paper, 

 but soon after issuing the first number, the officers of the society 

 undertook the publication of the paper, and on the Ist Jan., 

 1841, the first regular number of the Union Agriculturist, was 

 sent forth as the pioneer of agricultural improvement to th« 

 sparse settlements of the North-West. Mr. Wright was its 

 editor, and right nobly did he fill his post. January, 1843, 

 the name was changed to that of " The Prairie Farmer," and 

 in March of that year, J. Ambrose Wight, (now Rev. J. A. 

 Wight) became associate Editor.- The vigorous practical pen 

 of Mr. Wight soon made the paper a popular one. For some 

 years Dr. J. A. Kennicott was the Horticultural Editor, and 

 for one or two years after Mr. Wight left the tripod for th« 

 gown, the doctor was the acting EOliur. Some few jeari 

 since Mr. Wright, who had again become the sole owner, 

 changed It to a folio weekly, and in 1858 It was sold to Messrs. 

 Emery & Co., and united to Emery's Journal of Agi'culture. 

 It will be proper to say that Jlr. Bragdon was the Editor for a 

 year when issued as a weekly folio newspaper. The paper 

 passed to the hands of the Tribune office, then to the Messrs. 

 Medill, before its consolidation. Under the hands of its present 

 publishers and Editors, both its circulation and usefulness 

 have been increased, and it now holds that position among 

 the agricultural press of the North-AVest, to which it is entitled 

 by priority of age. $2 a year. Address Emery 4 Co. , Chicago, 



Jf. L. Dunlap, Esq., Editor Illinois Farmer: 



DiAR Sir: — A correspondent of your journal for March has 

 made very free use of our name In discussing "the wholesale 

 nursery trade and the tree peddlers," for the purpose, he says, 

 of elucidating his subject. We think that your correspond- 

 ent would have shown quite as much good sense and good 

 taste if he had avoided the use of our names and allusion to 

 our private affairs. We submit to you, as conductor of a 

 journal, whether this practice of dragging the names and 

 business of private individuals into newspaper discussions be 

 right and proper? 



Suppose that any number of meddling persons take it into 

 their head that Mr. Dunlap neither manages his n»riery affairs 

 and his editorials as he should do, and that they all go to work 

 to lecture and advise him, how would betake It? Why is it 

 that nurserymen are to be so continually annoyed in the man- 

 agement of their business more than other persons? 



Does any Intelligent man suppose that a nurseryman can 

 run around the country after all his customers who buy his 

 trees to sell again, and see that he acts honestly and tells the 

 truth? Are the manufacturers or producers of any other goods 

 required to do this! And if a respectable man, well recom- 

 mended, comes to a nurseryman and agrees to purchase fl.OOO 

 or ^5,000 worth of trees from him, will the nurseryman refuse 

 to pve a certificate to that effect? Would you, Mr. Editor, 

 hesitate to sell one, two, or three thousand dollars worth of 

 trees to a responsible man, and give a certificate that you 

 have done so? 



There are tricky and dishonest tree dealers, and there are 

 errors committed by dealers and by nurserymen, but there 

 are quite as many dishonest purchasers as there are sellers, we 

 believe, 



E. S. Pike & Go. have been referred to by your corres- 

 pondent. Whydidnot Mr. Thompson, who bought Diana 

 grapes at 25 cents each, from them in 1858, write to Messrs. 

 Pike &. Co., who are wealthy, responsible men, at Paingville, 

 Ohio, and claim damages for any fraud they committed upon 

 him. 



We hope, Mr. Editor, you will discountenance this practice 

 of meddling with people's names and business. If any party 

 who deals with us feels aggreivcd, let him address us at once, 

 and be shall have justice. Trulv yours, 



ELLWANGER & BARRY. 



We give place to the above the more cheerfully, that we 

 know the writer of the communication alluded to, had no in- 



tention *o injure, or even displease Messrs. E. & B., being a 

 very warm friend of theirs. We considered it a vindication 

 of them, at the same time advising them of the bad effect and 

 danger to the trade growing out of the practice to allow tree 

 dealers to do their own packing. We have no idea of com- 

 mending the tree peddler who purchases at wholesale aad 

 packs to suit himself, some of them may be honest, but the 

 proof thus far is against them. Nurserymen have a perfect 

 right to sell at wholesale, but we suggest that when they have 

 given a bill of the goods, they have done their duty to the 

 seller. It is not customary for wholesale merchants to give 

 their customers a certificate of character to enable them to re- 

 sell; but we do not look upon these wholesale tree growers in 

 the same light, they are more intimately connected with the 

 seller, tcora the fact that his sales or contracts depend upon 

 the popularity of the goods offered; hence the certificate is of 

 value to him in effecting sales, and of course makes the pur- 

 chase larger. This also inures to the benefit of the grower, 

 and therefore, as be has been the means by which the sales 

 have been in part effected, it is due to the person who is the 

 subject acted upon, that the grower, or the one who ms^e the 

 certificate, should protect his interest. He cannot morally 

 say that his duty to all parties is ended when the goods are 

 delivered In bulk, but he is bound to see that the person car- 

 ries out In good faith what the certificate implies; that is, 

 tfiat the goods should be kept true to name. Our columns 

 are open to the discussion of this subject, and we hope to see 

 the present practice reformed. The farmers of this State 

 have suffered severely from nurserymen and tree dealers, both 

 at home and abroad. 



COMMERCIAL., 



SPRINGFIELD 



WHEAT— »1 16®1 25 ^ bu; 

 FLOUR— 86®7 ^ bbl; 

 CORN— 25@30c ^ bu; 

 CORN MEAL— 60c ^ bu; 

 OATS— 30@85c f? bu; 

 BEANS— »1®1 25 ^bu; 

 BRAN— 10c ^ bu; 

 SHORTS— 15c ^ bu; 

 TIMOTHY S'D— 12 75(^3 00 

 HUNGARIAN G'r S'd— lalX 

 MILLET— None; 

 CLOVER^ie 50 ^ bu; 

 POTATOES— New, 40@50c; 

 HAY— 18@9 ^ ton; 

 TALLOW— 8 l-2@9c ^ Tb; 

 SOAP— Bar, 4®6c ^ B>; 

 CANDLES— 12 l-2c ^ box; 

 PICKLED P'k — »8(3,lC>f!lftO; 

 i BACON— nams,12@13c^ lb; 

 CHICKENS— »1 5<) ^ doz; 

 BUCKWHEAT— 12 50 ^ 100; 



MARKET— APRIL 8. 



1 BACON— Sides, 10c ^ lb; 

 I SGG3— 8c ^ doz; 

 I LARD— 10c ^ tt; 



SUGAR— 9©10c ^ lb; 



COFFEE- 18@15c ^ fl>; 



MOLASSES— 60@<i5c ^ gal; 



SALT— f 2 I? sack; 



SALT— $2 ^ bbl; 



MACKEREL— 12<ai8 No 1; 



CODFISH— $6 50 ^ 100; 



APPLES— Dried, $1 75 ^bn; 



WOOD— f!j@4^ cord; 



COAL— 10c « bu; 



WHISKY— 25(8h28c ^ gal; 



VlNEGAR^lOc ^ gal; 



BROOMS— 11 60@2 50^doz; 



BUTTER— 15®'^0c ^ B); 



HIDES — ^Dry, best, \^^\i)4\ 



HIDES— Green, 4 ©Sc; 



APPLES— Green, f 1®1 25; 



FEATHERS— S5(a40c $ lb; 



[Speciid dispatch to the Illinois State Journal.] 

 ST. LOUIS MARKET— April 2, p.m. 



Flour— Market quiet ; superfine f 5 60 ; low grade superfine 

 countiy f o. 



Wheat — Receipts 23,000 bags. Market very heavy. Prime 

 spring II 0S@1 10 ; club *1 10@1 12>^ ; choice club $1 15 ; 

 good red and white Jl 85; choice white $145. 



Com — ^Demand good. Damp and poor, mixed, 42@.44c ; 

 prime, mixed and good yellow 47®48c ; yellow 52c on board ; 

 choice white 56®57c on board, new gunnies inclnded. 



Pork — Mess 17 25 ; small inquiry. Out Meats dull ; prices 

 at 6c for slioulders, 7Jic for hams and 3c for sides. 



Lard — Quiet ; prime lOJ^c ; No. 1, 93^®954C. 



[By Telegraph.] 

 CHICAGO MARKET— April 2. 

 Flour Inactive. Wheat — Holders are quite firm in view of 



the light receipts; sales No. 2, in store, fresh receipts, at 9Sc, 

 and by sample, on track, at 9S@$1 01. Corn — Heavy ; about 

 3,000 bu No. 1, fresh receipts. In store, changed hands, in par- 

 cels, atj43c; 7 cars No. 2, by sample, on track, at 42c. Oats — 

 Dull ; 1 car, deUverec, at 85c; 1 do 84)<(C. Barley steady. 

 Rye — Quiet and nominal. 



L By Telegraph. ] 

 NEW YORK STOCK MARKET— Aran, 2. 

 Stocks active but lower. Money easy and plenty at 5<^6 

 per cent, on call ahd 6@7 per cent, for short first class paper. 

 Sterling Exchange dull and nominal. - C & R I 67)^; T 235i; 

 Gal &, Chi 61 J4'; Pan 134X; Mich quar 20>g; M S lOji^; M 

 UX\ C & P 5X; I C scrip 62><i; Reading 42?,; NYC 76>^; 

 Pac Mail 103 Ji; Cumb 15; Penn 84>4; Tenn 6's 90>4; U S 5'8 

 of '65 100; Mo 6's SIJ^; Illinois Freeland bonds 89;^; do first 

 91%; Del, L & W second 98 



ST. LOUIS HORSE AND MULE MARKET— March 81. 



Private sales for the week — 1 span mules $290; 1 draught 

 horse f 150; 1 dray mule f 157 50; 1 span black ponies $225; 

 1 dray mule $165; 1 work horse $108; 1 mule do. $125; 1 sad- 

 dle horse $105; 1 span sorrels $2S0; 1 buggy horse $150; 1 

 fine draught horse $1*0; 1 buggy horse $200; 4 head work 

 horses $4 for the lot; 1 mule $120; 1 do. $125; 1 saddle 

 horse $115; 1 span mules $300; 1 span colts $215; 4 common 

 and medium horses $75@90. .. 



NEW YORK CATTLE MARKET— Mat.ch 28. 



These markets have generally been well supplied during the 

 past week. Beeves have come in moderately, but there is no 

 scarcity, and prices remain as at last quotations. More of 



