THE ILLIISrOIS FA-HMEH. 



127 



manufacturing establishment of the Un- 

 ited State. From Maine to Texas, and 

 from Florida to Washington Territory, 

 their scales have become the establislied 

 standard weighing balances of the age. 

 — 'New Orlean Picayune. 



Among the large number"of the high- 

 est premiums awarded to these scales 

 during the last thirty years, by the most 

 eminent scientific associations in the 

 country, and by National, State and 

 County Fairs, are thirteen by the Illi- 

 nois, Wisconsin and Iowa State Fairs of 

 1859, and the National Fair held at the 

 same time in Chicago, and ^hat, too, 

 after sharp competion and the most 

 riged tests. But what is of more im- 

 portapce to practical men, as showing 

 not only the great strength and accur- 

 acy, but durability, of these Scales, is 

 the award of superiority in these re- 

 spects by the vast numbers who have 

 used them for many years, all over the 

 world, almost, in all branches of busi- 

 ness, and under all circumstaires. 



The skill and enterprise of the Messrs. 

 Fairbanks, and their large experience 

 and unequalled facilities, enable them to 

 adapt their Scales to all required uses, 

 and at moderate prices; and so long as 

 they keep them up to their present point 

 of exeellence, and pursue their present 

 honorable mode of dealing, the public 

 will wisely continue to use their Scales, 

 which have been tried and approved^ 

 rather than experiment with others. — 

 Chicago Press and Tribune. 



tm» 



Amount of Bain for '69. 



Januiu-y 2,8S86. 



February 2,9845. 



March 2,1003. 



April 8,8991. 



May 5,7125. 



June 6,3378. 



July 2,5740. 



August 4,4222. 



September 5,1787. 



October 8,1966. 



November 1,6621. 



December 2,3129. 



Inches 41,7653. 



Average of the Seatpns 45,0000. 



Dettclt— Inches 8,2817. 



Amodsjt fob '58. 



The rainy season 66,1323. 



Excess 12,1323. 



Difference In the^two geasont— Inches 16,3640. 



By reference to page ten of the January number, the 

 amount of rain for '59 will be seen. The dlflference of the 

 two seasons was not so much In the amount of rain, as In 

 the lower temperature praventlng evaporation. 

 <•> 



Please Observe This.— Doctor Whittier, the 

 celebrated chronic di.sease doctor, 94 Pine street, 

 St. Louis, will send his theory and exposition of 

 chronic diseases, free of all charge, to any one 

 sending address and six cents to prepay post- 

 age. It treats of all chronic diseases and the 

 delineations are so concise as to enable any one 

 of common ability to decide the nature of their 

 ailment. Address, Clark Whittier, box 659, St. 

 Louis. 



^ Spalding's P^^i^^ lion togother with, 

 that Van Amburgh g^^^d his non „ 



is doing wonders ^^^^^H^^^ .Vo/g A. up," 



glued his P^^y ^^f " i'tf ,0 well, that the wagon 

 and the glue did its duty so wei , ^^^ 



had to be broken again before it COUlQ u 

 right. 



THE CATTLE DISEASE. 



REPORT OF DR. McFARLAI^D, COMMISSIONER, 

 TO THE QOVERNOB OF ILLINOIS. 



In pursuance of the instructions of Governor 

 "Wood, Andrew McFarland, M.D., as commis- 

 sioner of the State of Illinois, has issued a re- 

 port upon the Cattle Disease, which has been 

 making such sad havoc among the cattle of the 

 Eastern States. The report is embodied in a 

 pamphlet of thirty-two pages, and discusses 

 the history, the manifestations and the remedy 

 of the distemper. His investigations were made 

 upon the spot, he having visited the section of 

 country where the disease exists, in company 

 with other scientific men of the East. "We have 

 before us a copy of his report, which we have 

 read with much interest, and we doubt not it 

 will be received by the people of Illinois, — who 

 are so especially concerned in the matter — with 

 general satisfaction. We make some extracts 

 from the pamphlet : 



HISTORY OF THE DISEASE. 



The disease, somewhat unfortunately called 

 Pleubo-Pneumonia, is not new. Scattering 

 cases, closely resembling the same disease in 

 the human subject, have long been known to 

 veterinary surgeons. In the cases hitherto 

 known, it consists in a simple inflammation of 

 the substance of the lungs and their enveloping 

 membranes, sometimes terminating fatally by 

 mere excess of inflammation, but more common- 

 ly having no more serious consequences than the 

 throwing out of a quantity of serum, or thin 

 watery matter in the cavities in which the lungs 

 repose, producing some diflSculty in breathing 

 for a season, and then gradually passing off 

 with no further trouble. Cases of this kind are, 

 without doubt, occurring in all considerable 

 herds of cattle, especially in the spring season, 

 and attract little attention, having in them no 

 elements of malignity or contagiousness. But, 

 you are aware that it is a law attending many 

 forms of disease common to the human family, 

 that what we are accustomed to regard as a 

 simple malady as it ordinarily appears to us, 

 sometimes assumes the form of a devastating 

 scourge, sweeping out of existence multitudes 

 of human beings, and then disappearing as mys- 

 teriously as it came. The Massachusetts cattle 

 disease has no more resemblance to the ordinary 

 pleuro-pneumonia than Asiatic cholera ha.s to 

 an ordinary cholera morbus, or than the fatal 

 influenza of 1842-3 bore to influenzas as they 

 ordinarily appear. 



•'The natural home of this di.sease, where it 

 first began to attract the attention of the world, 

 is in the mountainous districts of South-Eastern 

 Franco, Switzerland, Piedmont, and the con- 

 tiguous countries. Sequestered and isolated val- 

 leys, in the immediate 'vicinity of lofty moun- 

 tain ranges, appear, for a long period, to have 

 been the only districts where this disease espe- 

 cially exhibited its fatal nature. In the general 

 break-up of boundaries and customs lines inci- 

 dent on the French Revolution of 1789, and in 

 the transportation of army supplies for the war 

 of twenty years following, the disease broke 

 through its natural boundaries, and began to 

 make its appearance in countries where it had 

 hitherto been unknown, and showing, according 

 to authority which appears beyond a qviestion, 

 almost precisely the same features which we re- 

 cognize in the disease now prevailing in Massa- 

 chusetts. It appears to me to be one of the best 

 proofs of its contagious nature, that in its pro- 

 gress, it goes step by %tep, and not with the fly- 

 ing sweep that marks an epidemic which is not 

 dependent on contagion alone. * * 



The disease had reached England in 1841, 

 where it has since existed with greater or less 



inveteracy, according to the activity and success 

 of the means resorted to for its suppression. 

 During the last winter, (1859-60) it appeared 

 with great virulence among the herds of the 

 London dairymen, especially on the south side 

 of the Tliames. According to the newspaper 

 accounts, the disease is unquestionably the ma- 

 lignant Pleuro-Pneumonia, and has caused the 

 alarming mortality of 95 per cent, of the herds 

 infected — almost their entire extinction. * * 



INTBODCCTION OF THE DISEASE INTO THE UKIT£D 

 STATES. 



With these preliminary observations on the 

 history of this disease, and the experience of 

 other countries in its visitations, we come to its 

 introduction into our own. 



Winthrop W. Chenery, Esq., a cattle import- 

 er of Belmont, Mass., received on the 23d of 

 May, 1859, through his agent in Holland, throe 

 cows and a heifer. They had been landed in 

 Boston, after a voyage of forty-seven days from 

 Rotterdam. Although purchased in a healthy 

 district, the disease is known to exist at the 



place of embarkation, whcre^they had remained 

 several days waiting shipment. They suffered 

 severely on the voyage — one of them being un- 

 able to stand for twenty days before arrival, and 

 another also being much mutilated. One of these 

 cows died a week after arrival, and the other 

 two days subsequently. 



The other two were then thought to be 

 healthy, and no suspicion had attached to the 

 death of the two first — it being attributed to the 

 effects of the voyage. On the 20th day of 

 June, two weeks after the death of the second 

 cow — the third cow was found to be sick. She 

 was confined in a stabie-pen about fifty feet 

 square, with some twenty or thirty other head 

 of cattle. She died after nine days' sickness, 

 on the 29th of June. In August, another valua- 

 ble cow, imported from Holland seven years 

 previously, sickened and died in a fortnight. — 

 From that time they sickened and died rapidly, 

 until his loss amounted to thirty head. It is 

 not needful to state that all these cattle were 

 above the average value, and therefore may be 

 supposed to have had all the care their value 

 would warrant. We now leave Mr. Chenery's 

 herd, to follow the disease elsewhere. 



On the 29th of June — the same day on which 

 the third cow died — Mr. Chenery sold three 

 calves to go to the farm of Mr. Curtis Stoddard, 

 of North Brookfield, in the adjoining county of 

 Worcester. They went by rail, and on the way 

 from the depot to Mr. Stoddard's farm, one of 

 the calves was observed to falter. The animal 

 being found sick, was taken to the farm of the 

 father of the purchaser, Mr. Leonard Stoddard, 

 where it remained several days, but was finally 

 brought back by Curtis Stoddard, at whose 

 farm it died on the 23d of August. While at 

 Leonard Stoddard's, the calf had come in con- 

 tact with several cattle in the same stable. In 

 about three weeks after the arrival of the calf at 

 Leonard Stoddard's— say, about the 20th of 

 August — two oxen and a cow were taken with 

 the same disease and died in ten days. The 

 disease continued its ravages in his herd till he 

 lost fourteen oxen and cows before the visit of 

 the Commissioners, and eighteen others were 

 condemneb dy them as diseased. 



"About the first of November, Curtis Stod- 

 dard — with a wisdom which we will not stop to 

 question — sold off his stock at auction, reserv- 

 ing to himself nine of the most valuable. It is 

 said, that up to the time of the auction, he had 

 actually lost only the Chenery calf, and he placed 

 the remaining animals among his relatives — 

 thus showing, as some contend, his innocence of 

 the mischief he was doing. From this auction 

 sales of eleven animals, the infection was scat- 

 tered in every direction. Says one of the Com- 

 missioners : "Without a single failure the dis- 

 ease has followed those cattle, — in one case 

 more than two hundred cattle having been in. 

 fected by one which was sold at Curtis Stod] 



