300 



THE ILLINOIS FAEMEE. 



Oct. 



Virginia Greening, befct. 



"Willow Twig, " 



Little Romanite, " 



Boston Russet, worthless. 



What Mr. C. means by best, is the most profit- 

 able market sorts. 



It will be seen that he raks Baldwin among 

 his good sorts. He has but few summer varie- 

 ties, and notwithstanding th.at Quincy is an im- 

 portant fruit market, yet it is poorly supplied 

 with good summer apples, most of those now iu 

 market being the windfalls of winter varieties, 

 and are sold at twenty to thirty cents a bushel 

 to ship north, while good apples, such as early 

 Harvest readily bring seventy-five cents, and are 

 scarce at that. 



PEESERVING FRUIT IN BRINE. 



Mr. C. has succeeded well in preserving speci- 

 mens of fruit In brine, especially of peaches. In 

 some he has added a small quantity of alum, to 

 a decided advantage. The fruits to be operated 

 on should be just colored up, but not ully ripe, 

 or at best not in first rate eating condition. See 

 pasje 229. 



In the evening we drove out four miles on the 

 Warsaw road to the farm of 



SAMUEL B. TURNER. 



And on the morning of the 7th the committee 

 was again full by the arrival of Mr. Chase. 



A FARM OF EIGHTY ACRES. 



The farm of Mr. Turner contains eighty acre?, 

 and fronts the Wa^-saw read, and is directly op- 

 posite that of K. K. Jones, which took the first 

 premium for the best forty acre farm last year. 

 The house is a fine two story brick, with well 

 laid out grounds in front, in the usual style of 

 suburban residences. The fault with these 

 grounds is in the planting too large a proportion 

 of deciduous trees, but they are not so closely 

 planted that this deft^ct cannot be remedied and 

 conifers put in to fill up. The g.eat feature of 

 the plac is its 0-^age hedges, which, with the 

 exception of some twenty rods of post and board, 

 to cross a piece of low ground, is the fencing. 

 They are well made, and proof against any and 

 all descriptions of farm animals. It is handsome- 

 ly trimed in the obtuse conical form, which gives 

 it an ample base, and at the same time exposes 

 the leaves to the sun. The most of the fence is 

 made with a single row of plants, but Mr. T. 

 prefers two rows set alternately, thus : *.,(.* ^ *. 

 This gives at once a better base, but for farm 



purposes we doubt if it is better than a single 

 line set four inches instead, of two lines at eight 

 inches, the same number of plants are used, and 

 the cost of the setting about the same. Mr. 

 Turner's hedges are all perfect, that is, there are 

 no breaks in them, and but one place where a 

 small dog could get through, and that was for 

 the purpose of letting the ratters through 

 into the next field. The fences are a perfect 

 mass of verdure, armed with its bristling 

 thorns concealed beneath the leaves, but ready, 

 on the approach of an enemy, to dispute his pas- 

 sage. 



The hedge should be trimmed twice a year, 

 the first in June and pgain in September or first 

 of October, but never daring a drouth — this has 

 reference only to the full grown hedge. Mr. T. 

 uses a short sythe ; one man can trim a hundred 

 rod a day on both sides, and do his work first 

 rate. Trees should not stand in the fence line, 

 especially when young, a« the shade retard- their 

 erowth. Along side of a timber belt it would be 

 different, for there the hedge would have the sun 

 during part of tho day. 



TUE FIELDS. 



First is the house grounds well laid out and 

 partially planted, with most of it in blue grass 

 and clover lawn ; to the south of this a. clover 

 pasture of five acres, and north of the house 

 grounds is the horse pasture in which is one hun- 

 dred trees nine years set, but not remarkable as 

 to growth or profit. A stiff blue grass sod is not 

 as conducive to the growth of an orchard tree as 

 might be. This orchard is to be broken up so 

 soon as a rain comes to soften the soil, which is 

 now baked hard by drouth and to be sown to 

 winter rye for pasture for the horses, and will 

 permit a better growth of the trees ; this will in 

 turn be plowed under and sowed to clover and 

 timothy. But as this orchard is neither planted 

 in the right place or of profitable varieties, a 



NEAV OREHARD 



Has been set the past spring, to two hundred and 

 fifty trees, mostly wintervarieties, at the distance 

 of torty feet each way — a pretty liberal allow- 

 ance of space, one would suppose. Last fall this 

 land was plowed and subsoiled two feet deep. 

 Deep dead furrows were made and left open 

 through the winter. In the spring the soil was 

 turned back into the dead furrow, the trees set on 

 it and filled in so as to hold the trees, and the 

 planting was finished with a one-horse plow. 

 This, it will be seen is upon the same plan pur- 



