1862. 



THE ILLINOIS FAKMEfi. 



211 



From Gardener's Monthly. 



Vegetable Garden. 



At the end of June some celery may be set out 

 for early crops, though for the main crop a month 

 later will be quite time enough. It was once 

 customary to plant in trenches dug six or more 

 inches below the surface ; but the poverty of the 

 soil usually at this depth more than decreases 

 the balance of good points in its favor. Some 

 of our best growers now plant entirely on the 

 surface, and depend on drawing up the soil, or 

 the employment of boards or other artificial me- 

 thods of blanching. 



Very rich soil is essential to fine celery, and 

 well-rotted cow dung is one of the best manures 

 for this crop. 



Cabbage and Brocoli may still be set out for 

 fall crops,also requiring an abundance of manure 

 to insure much success. Lettuce, where salads 

 are in much request may yet be sown. The curl- 

 ed Indian is a favorite summer kind ; but the va- 

 rieties of Cos, or plain-leaved kinds, are good. 

 They take more trouble, having to be tied up to 

 blanch well. Many should not be sown at a 

 time, as they soon run to seed in hot weather. 



Beans produce enormous crops in deeply 

 trenched soils, and are improved as much as any 

 crop by surface manuring. We hope this me- 

 thod of fertilizing the soil will be extensively 

 adopted for garden crops this season. Those who 

 have not yet tried it will be surprised at the 

 economy and beneficial results of the practice. 

 Peas for fall crop may be sown. It is, however, 

 useless to try them, unless in a deeply trenched 

 soil, and one that is comparatively cool in the 

 hottest weather overhead, or they will certainly 

 mildew and prove worthless. 



Cucumbers for pickling may be sown this 

 month, and endive for fall salad may be set out. 

 Parsley for winter use may be sown now in boxes 

 of rich soil, and set in a cool, shady place till it 

 germinates. 



Tomatoes do best when sufi"ered to grow flat 

 on the ground ; and in such cases the soil should 

 be covered with a mulch of straw or litter to 

 keep the tomatoes from getting soiled and rotten 

 by dampness. Brushwood is an excellent mate- 

 rial for them to lie on, and they seem to thrive 

 well with it about them. 



Asparagus beds should not be cut off after the 

 stalks seem to come up weak, or they will be but 

 a poor crop the next season, and the beds will 

 "run out" in a few years. 



Herbs for future use should be cut just about 

 the time they are coming into flower. Dry them 

 in the shade, and after sufficiently dry to put 

 away, tie them in bunches, and hang in a cool 

 shed, or place them loosely between the paper, 

 and stow away in cupboards or drawers, — the 

 last mode is by far the cleanest and most ap- 

 proved plan with the best housekeepers. Some, 

 indeed, powder the leaves at once after dry, and 

 put away in bags ready for use. 



To MAKE Currant Jelly wiTHOtrT Boiling — 

 Squeeze the currants through a thin cloth, and 

 add one pound of sugar to a pound of juice, and 

 put in the sun two or three days. 



Rates of Commission Adopted by the 

 Chicago Board of Trade. 



COMMISSION ON SALE OF GRAIN, ETC. 



*Wheat 2c per bushel. 



Corn, oats, and all other grains Ic per bushel. 



On sales of other products or proper- 

 ty of any kind, over ^100 2^ per cent. 



Do. do. under SlOO 5 per cent. 



The above without advance or acceptance ; that 



to be subject to agreement. 



Without agreement — For advancing. .2|^ per cent. 



For accepting. . .2 J per cent. 



Forguarant'g sls.2i per cent. 



On withdrawal of consignment 2^ per cent, on 



amount of expenses incurred, and li per cent, on 



invoice. 



On Charters 2^ per cent, on freight list. 

 For effecting Marine Insurance, the return pre- 

 mium and script. 



COMMISSION ox PrKCHASES OF GRAIN, ETC. 



For purchasing wheat from canal boats 



or warehouse Ic per bushel. 



■*Do. do. railroads in small lots 2c per bushel. 



For purcliasing corn by cargo Ic per bushel. 



For purchasing oats by cargo +c per bushel. 



For purchasing corn, oats, or other 



grain in less qiiantitios than cargo.lc per bushel. 



Do. all other property over $100 2i per cent. 



Do. do. under §100 5 per cent. 



For negotiating bills (without agree- 

 ment) 1 J per cent. 



All expenses actually incurred to be added. — 

 The risk of loss by fire (unless written order to 

 insure,) and of robbery, theft, or other utiavoid- 

 able occurrences, if the usual care be taken to 

 secure the property, is in all cases to be borne by 

 the proprietors of the goods. 



Interest to be charged as per agreement. — 

 Without agreement 10 per cent, to be the rate. 



*Cu5tom has reduced this charge to 1 cent per 

 bushel. 



Note. — No ofEcial action has been taken by 

 the Board of Trade in regard to Rates of Com- 

 mission since the date above given, though 

 changes are frequently proposed, and the old 

 regulations are by no mesns universally adhered 

 to. — Express. 



—————as*- ■ 



InfringmcXT SriTS.— The case of Case versus 

 Brown for infringement of Corn Planter Patent 

 which has been on trial for some time post, we 

 understand has been decided in favor of Brown. 



We also understand that the manufacturers of 

 the Haines' Harvester, Messrs. Barljer, Hawley 

 & Co., claim that there are infringements on their 

 n-achine, and that they propose to commence suit 

 for infringment on the manufacturers of the May- 

 berry Harvester, at once, in the United States 

 Court. 



Where decisions are made against parties in- 

 fringing, it not only affects the parties themselves 

 but all who purchase and use such infringing 

 machines, making them liable for damages. — 

 Prairie Farmer. 



