250 



THE ILLINOIS FAEMER. 



Aug. 



ipples were worth ten or fifteen cents a bushel, 

 this practice might be admissable, but with it worth 

 afty cents to a dollar a bushel, does not smack 

 much of economy. Scarcely anywhere in the "West 

 IS sufficient pains taken with the apple in either 

 picking or packing to insure it full value, even the 

 ong keeping varieties are more or less rotten long 

 aefore the limit of their season, and retailers al- 

 trays expect to find at least one fourth of their pur- 

 chase as unfit to sell. There is no good reason 

 for this practice, for if the fruit is properly han. 

 lied but little of it will prove unsound before the 

 usual time at the end of the season of its maturity. 



Culture of Blackberries. — ^The field culture 

 of this fruit is as yet little understood, and fur- 

 ther experiments is needed to determine the best 

 node. The distance at which to set the plants, the 

 jest form to prune, staking or trellising, all have 

 ret to be determined. We have no doubt that 

 ;his fruit will soon be among the leading cultivat- 

 ;d small fruits. In most cases it has not proved as 

 lardy and productive in the field as in the wood- 

 and, but by a substitution of hardy and produc- 

 ive plants this will soon, be overcome. "We are 

 latisfied with the variety we have, and these are 

 limply selections from the forest. We have been 

 some years in testing them, and growing a stock 

 )f the plants, and now are ready to try field culture 

 »n a somewhat grand scale. In the culture of the 

 aspberry we have set the plants four by six feet, 

 )ut this is probably too close for the blackberry, 

 re see some growers recommend ten feet, and al- 

 ow the plants to stand a foot apart in the rows. 

 rhis looks like giving considerable space to the 

 •ows. After all, the distance of the rows must 

 lepend on the mode of pruning. If the blackber- 

 •y will bear the shears like the raspberry, six feet 

 br the rows will be sufficient, but if we have to 

 3ut back during the summer to obtain side shoots, 

 nore space will be needed. 



"We are inclined to make trial at eight feet by 

 ■our, requiring about a thousand plants to the acre. 

 is plants only cost about fifteen dollars a thousand, 

 t will not be expensive to make trial of an acre. 

 We do not apprehend that either stakes or trellises 

 Till be required. That the Lawton must give place 

 ;o improved varieties we are well satisfied, as it 

 acks two essentials to a good berry — one of which 

 s hardening, and the other richness of flavor. The 

 irst of these is important in the northern part of 

 he State. The Lawton is a good berry to send a 

 ong distance to market, as it is very solid when 

 irst colored, requiring some days to perfect If 

 eft on the bush till dead ripe the Lawton is quite 

 )alateable, but this condition is not often reached 



with this fruit, as the picker seldom stops to con- 

 sider other than the black color in picking the 

 fruit, audit goes into the basket in all stages of ma- 

 turity. This is not the case with our improvad na- 

 tives, which are eatable so soon as they are fully 

 colored, and require much less sugar than the 

 Lawton. 



Aside from its value as a food, the blackberry is 

 valuable in all bowel complaints. A syrup made 

 of the fruit without crushing the seeds, boiled down 

 and preserved in sugaris both simple and effica- 

 cious. 



••• 



Haines' Legal Adviser. — This is a valuable 

 ^ork for farmers and business men. It keeps 

 them posted in regard to changes in the law and 

 decisions of courts. In this respect it is not val- 

 uable to the lawyer or court officer as it prevents 

 too many suits for their profit ; but all the better 

 for oommunity. 



"We have Haines' Treatise, a work costing five 

 dollars, which my neighbors consult instead of our 

 Attorney. It has saved them half a dozen suits 

 and much ill feeling. For the Legal Adviser, ad- 

 dress $1 to E. M. Haines, Chicago, and for the 

 Tr atise $5, it may save you a fifty dollar law suit 

 and the necessity of feeing an attorney to make a 

 guess at the law, while this will give you the facts. 

 Here is a sample : 



"If A agrees with B to work for him one year, 

 or any stated time, for so much a month, for so 

 much for the whole time, and, after working a 

 part of the time, leaves B without good cause, the 

 question arises whether A can recover anything 

 from B for the service he has rendered ; and at this 

 time the question must be considered as somewhat 

 unsettled at law. It is universally conceded that 

 he cannot on the contract, because that is entire, 

 and is broken by A, and therefore A has no claim 

 under it. And it is the ancient and still prevail- 

 ing rule, that A can recover nothing in any form or 

 way. It has, however, been held in New Hamp- 

 shire, that A can still recover whatever his services 

 are worth, B having the right to set off or deduct 

 the amount of any damage he may have sustained 

 from A's breach of the contract. "We think this 

 view just and reasonable, although it has not been 

 supported by adjudication in other States. If A 

 agrees to sell to B five hundred barrels of flour at 

 a certain price, and, after delivering one-half, re- 

 fuses to deliver any more, B can certainly return 

 that half, and pay A nothing. But if B chooses to 

 retain that half, or if he has so disposed of or 

 lost it that he cannot return it, he must, generally, 

 at least, pay what it is worth, dedueting all that 

 he looses by the breach of the contract. And this 

 case we think analagous to that of a broken con- 

 tract of service ; but B's liability to pay, even in 

 the case supposed as to goods, has been denied in 

 New York." 



-«•>- 



Beans. — Do not cultivate the bean when wet 

 with either dew or rain. 



-::_'te^.fi^kji a-:j«ta i tf3:i --X5>g-s: 



