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1863. 



THE ILLINOIS FAEMEE. 



low Twig, or Keswick Codlin grown in New York 

 and sent out West will do well, if properly grown 

 and shipped. That is, it must not hare been forced 

 by stimulating manures, taken up too early, or 

 badly packed for the Jaurney. We can point to 

 good heaJthy orchards in the West from Ifew 

 York grown trees. The :great troutfle is in the va- 

 rieties. Before las is a list of varieties offered for 

 sale the coming autumn, in which the quantity 



is given to select from. This list, of course, is a 

 fair index of the popularity of each sort at the 

 points of growth, which is in one of the best fuuit 

 districts of Western New York. It will be seen 

 that no Western orchardists could select a good 

 orchard from it, as he would be wanting in ^most 

 all our popular sorts. If Ifew York nurserymen 

 wish to supply the West with apple orchards they 

 will have to coitform to Western ideas as to value 

 of varieties, and to materially change their list. 

 But we'll let the list speak for itself : 



STJMMEB. 



*4,000 Red Astrachan. 



•1,000 Golden Sweet. 



■2,000 ^. Sweet Bough. 



: :1,000. . .^ Duchess of Oldenberg 



■ 4,000 Early Harvest. 



1 200 Early Joe. 



200 Early .Strawberry. 



12,400 



JitTTITMN. 



200 , Aut. Strawberry. 



•f 200 Gravenstein. 



* 600 Maiden's Blush. 



* 200 Porter. 



4,000 Fall Pippin. 



t2,000 Snow Apple. 



t 200 Rambo. 



200. Primate. 



7,600 



lyiNTER. 



40,000 Baldiiran. 



40,000 Northern Spy. 



8,000. R. I. Greening. 



8,000. Boston Russet. 



8,000. Mann Apple. 



4,000 Beauty of Kent 



*6,000.... Golden Russet 



2,000 Spitzenburgh. 



*4,OO0. .Cooper's Market 



4,000 Cranberry Pippin. 



2,000 King of Tompkins co 



+8,000. Tolman Sweet 



■i-2,000.... TwentyOunce. 



*1.000 Vandavire. 



+1,000 Swaar. 



1:2,000. Yellow Bellflower. 



* 200 Belmont 



200 Hawley. 



* 400. Jersey Sweet. 



200.. Seek-no-further. 



400 ^Calvert 



200 Melon. 



400 , Pe^'s Pleasaot 



200 "Waggoner, 



142,200— Total M2,20Q. 



Suppose that this entire nursery should be sent 

 out West and put in orchards on the prairies, what 

 proportion of them would be of any value ? Let 

 us run over the list and see what progress we will 

 make. ' ^-\:\/-'--:^ 



Of those we would take what is in the list we 

 will mark with a *, and those that we would put 

 one or two in an orchard of one hundred trees we 

 will mark thus f, while of those that we would not 

 care to plant at all will stand as they are. There 

 are a few of our especial favorites that we will 

 marie thus j^ In the whole list is 

 "7,200 very valuable. ? -;: 

 16,600 valuable. >^: , ^/: 



23,800, total for the West, or about one-seventh 

 part of the whole list. This is just what's the 

 matter with Western orchards from Eastern Nur- 

 series. '':\. ■'■ .'■■^■-'■■.:'':> "^ '"':-: ''■/^■-y-'--'-'---/:' 



Disimfeeting Agents. 



Now thstt the warm weather is upon us, our citi- 

 zens should theroughly cleanse their premises, ren- 

 dering them as pure and healthy as possible. 



We are convinced that a great portion of the 

 disease so prevalent during the hot months in sum- 

 mer is attributable to the accumulation of filth in 

 alleys and yards. There are a number of disin- 

 fecting agents which will be found efficient in re- 

 moving'offensive smells from damp, mouldy cellars, 

 yards, pools of stagnant water, decaying vegetable 

 matter, ^c. Either of -the following will answer 

 the purpose, while they cost but a trifle : — 



1. 0ne pint of the liquor of chloride of zinc, in 

 one pailful of water, and one pound ctf the chloride 

 of lime ia another pailful of water. This is per- 

 haps the most effective of anything that can be 

 used, and when thrown upon decayed vegetable 

 matter of any description, will eflfectually destroj 

 all offensive odors. . 



2. Three or four pounds of sulphate of iron, 

 (copperas) dissolved in a pall&l of water, will, in 

 many cases, be sufficiest to remove all offensive 

 odors. 



3. Chtloride of lime is better to scatter about 

 damp places in yards, in damp cellars, and upoa 

 heaps of filth. — Scien, Amer. 



How to Make Cider Vinegar. 



A correspondent wishes to know the most expe- 

 ditious way of making vinegar out of cider. 



Probably as good a course as he can adopt is to 

 keep the cider in a pretty warm temperature — as 

 near summer heat as practicable — and to allow 

 the air to have access to it. The usual practice is 

 to leave ihe bung of the cask out, and place a bot- 

 tle, «eck downward, over the bung-hole. The use 

 of the bottle is to turn the rays of light an the li- 

 'quor, which promotes decomposition. 



There are ways by which cider can be changed 

 into vinegar more rapiidly, "but unless tlie business 

 IS to be followed on a large scale, it may not be an 

 cfbject to adopt the process; the cifier is made t» 

 flow through troughs in a thin sheet, in order to 

 expose it as much as possible to the «lr. Shavings 



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