1863 



THE ILLINOIS FARMER. 



lific strawberries, Red Dutch currant, American 

 Seedling Gooseberrj, Black Cap and Purple Cane 

 raspberries, the Improved blackberry, the May 

 cherry (Kentish of Downing), Bartlett and Flemish 

 Beauty pear on their own roots, Doyenne de Ete, 

 Madeleine, B. Goborett, L. B. de Jersey pears on 

 the quince; Keswick Codlin, list as before men- 

 tioned of the apple, select dry ground, cultivate 

 and shelter them as we have often urged, and if 

 you do not leave this world on a very short notice, 

 you will stand a reasonable chance to enjoy fruit of 

 your own growing. :; - . v 



We would have you plant a few peaches and 

 plums, among the latter do not forget the Lombard) 

 as it stands among plums where the Codlin does 

 among apples. 



We are marketing apples from our orchard set 

 in the spring of 1858, of three years old trees tak- 

 en from the nursery at the close of the spring sales, 

 of course a second class tree. Some of these trees 

 have on over a bushel of apples each. The first 

 cla:s3 or selected apples sell at one dollar the bush- 

 el and second class, including windfalls fifty cents 

 a bushel. 



Near forty years ago, we urged our father to put 

 out a large orchard, say of three or four hundred 

 trees, but the answer was they would be worth 

 nothing to sell, as every body would have an abun- 

 dance of fruit. Apples were worth then fifteen to 

 twenty cents a bushel, for the winter grafls ; but 

 we have seen no downward tendency in the mar- 

 ket, nor are we alarmed as to the future. If he 

 was now here to look over our orchard he would 

 wonder what we could do with the fruit. 



There are other fruits that bear young in some 

 locations, that should not be overlooked, but those 

 named are so reliable and otherwise valuable that 

 they should command the attention of every tree 

 planter. 



We think that a larger number of farmers' or- 

 chards will be set the coming fall than usual, as 

 we have an unusual large number of orders, aver- 

 aging about two hundred trees each. 



Cheese Making. 



SoGONB, Dupage Ce., IlL, Aug. 18, 1863. 

 To the Editor of the Illinois Farmer : 



Dear Sir — ^I am glad to see you take a little no- 

 tice of our Illinois product, which at no evry dis- 

 tant day will take its proper place among the pro- 

 ductions of the State, and will be quoted first as 

 it should be now in the market reports instead of 

 third. 



I allude to the article of cheese. The fault that 

 Illinois cheese stands no better in market is the 



fault of two classes, the manufacturers and the con- 

 sumers or retail dealers. 



The fault with manufacturers, is, they do not 

 take pains enough in manufacturing, they do not 

 provide themselves with proper fixtures to manu- 

 facture or suitable places for curing. 



I have visited many ^cheese mabere, but have not 

 yet seen one suitable place for curing cheese. No 

 matter how a cheese is made if not properly cured, 

 it will not command the best price. There is 

 much poor cheese made in Illinois I am willing to 

 admit, but there is as good cheese made in Illinois 

 as there is in Ohio or New York, and it sells for as 

 much to consumers, but it is sold under a borrowed 

 "brand." 



I have repeatedly been around to the retailers 

 to sell them cheese. The first question is, "where 

 was it made ?" answer, "in Illinois." "Don't want 

 it" "But it is a first rate article, if you will look 

 at it I thing you will like it." "No, we sell none 

 but 'Hamburg' or 'Western Reserve;' can't sell 

 * Illinois cheese;' our customers will not buy it." 



There is as as good cheese made in Illinois as in 

 Ohio or Hamburg and sold in Chicago, but at a 

 less price than Eastern cheese, but when resold 

 brings the price of Ohio and New York cheese to 

 the great loss of the Illinois manufacturers/ 



The time will soon come when Illinois cheese 

 will not give place to euU cheese from the East. 

 If the farmers of Dlinois who propose going into 

 the dairy business^ will procure good fixtures and 

 good rooms for curing their cheese, and inform 

 themselves of the best modes of making, they can 

 drive all Eastern cheese out of the market, as we 

 have most other Eastern farm products. '7 • 



Many of the cheese dealers in Chicago are East- 

 em men, and are interested in crying down Illinois 

 cheese. They profit by buying at a low figure and 

 selling it as Hamburg and Western Reserve. 



Illinois cheese makers do not take the trouble or 

 expense to make themselves masters of the busi- 

 ness, and the fixtures needed. 



The harvest with us is over and the crops secur- 

 ed in good order. What oats have been threshed 

 yield 60 to 10 bushels per acre, and wheat 10 to 

 1€ ; the com never looked better; grass was light, 

 but good and well secured. ; 



. Yours troly, 



S. D. PiKBCE. 



— The middle men or commission merchants, as 

 they are usually called, are in general a useful 

 class of men, but will at times bear watching. They 

 sometimes are a little too sharp for their own good, 

 and in this case are making a losing game of it, 

 as a large number of our best dairies now go di- 

 rect to the consumer and to the retail dealer. 



s,u .iL5ai.«aa, -.^.i^'H^' ^Y. 



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