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290' 



THE ILLmOIS FAHMEK. 



Oct. 



of the leaf until the time for setting, but 

 not at any time you choose within this 

 period, for when the wood is frozen the 

 work of cutting must be suspended. 

 "We have no doubt that a large share 

 of the loss of cuttings the past season 

 came of cutting when the wood was 

 frozen. The bark in spots turns black, 

 and the vigor of the cutting is lost. All 

 orchardists and nurserymen know the 

 bad effect of pruning when the wood is 

 frozen in winter, and need not be more 

 surprised at the failure of cuttings, than 

 at the failure of scions cut in a frozen 

 state. "We think this point has been 

 entirely overlooked during the past sea- 

 son. "We have no doubt that the very 

 best time to take off the cuttings is late 

 in the winter, on warm days ; when ta- 

 ken off at this time, if exposed to some 

 extent, so as to become considerably 

 shrivelled, they will recover and make 

 a vigorous growth,butifcutin a frosted 

 state, as we said before, they turn black 

 in spots, and the cutting after throw- 

 ing out feeble roots, yields to the first 

 adverse condition of the soil. 



SIZE AND AGE OF CUTTINGS. 



Two years old wood is the best, and 

 should be used on all occasions of set- 

 ting in grass land, but cuttings of all 

 sizes can be made to grow if carefully 

 attended to, as before directed, though 

 we would recommend that none less 

 than the third of an inch in diameter 

 be used in the fence row, and an inch 

 is still better. "We have always advised 

 our readers to sort out their cuttings, 

 making two or three sizes, and to set 

 each size by itself, so, that their 

 plants will make a uniform growth, 

 the large cuttings being the most vig- 

 orous, we need not say they are the 

 most valuable. 



Now that good cuttings can be had 



at reasonable rates, we would not take 

 the tips as a gift. 



CUTTINGS FEOM THE EAST. 



During the past winter we saw nu- 

 merous samples of willow cuttings from 

 the East, but few of them were the gen- 

 uine white willow. One of our neigh- 

 bors purchased eighty dollars worth of 

 a lot from the powder district of Penn- 

 sylvania, not one of which is genuine. 

 That there is genuine white willow at 

 the East we are well aware, but the 

 temptation to send out all sorts of wil- 

 low cuttings last winter was too great 

 to be withstood, and hence many of our 

 dealers were imposed upon. As most 

 of the cuttings are dead, little has been 

 done aside from the loss of money and 

 time. 



DISJ ANCE APART- 



"We still adhere to a foot as the prop- 

 er distance to set the cuttings, and these 

 in a single line, requiring five thousand 

 and three hundred to the mile. 



, PEOTECTION. 



All farm animals will browse the wil- 

 low, and the consequence is that the 

 young fence must be protected from 

 stock for at least three years, when if 

 the growth is good ihe plants will be 

 out ofthe way, andthe trimming of the 

 lower branches will do no harm. 

 Osage must be protected in like manner 

 for some length of time. 



THE COST PEK MILE. 



5,300 cuttings, $6 per M $32 00 



Preparing land 5 00 



Setting 2 00 



Cultivating and hoeing 1 00 



Cutting back 2d year 2 00 



Cultivating 2d year 3 00 



$51 00 



This makes the cost sixteen cents & 

 rod, with cuttings at six dollars, the 

 present price of cuttings of half inch 

 and upwards, ten to twelve inches long. 

 The best ofthe cuttings from the fence 



