12 



THE ILLmOIS FAEMER. 



Jan. 



ley's Sweet, Maiden's Blush, Fall Swaar, Autumn 

 Strawberry, Holland Pippin, Lowell, Rambo, Strip- 

 ed Gilliflower, Dyer, Mother, Haskel"s Sweet, Yel- 

 low Siberian Ciab, Fulton VVinetap, Rawle's Janet, 

 Domine, .lonuthan, Toliiian Sweet, White Winter 

 Pearmain, Westfield Seeknofurther, Roman Stem, 

 Northern S|.y, Swaar, Ram>dell's Sweet. 



For Trial. — Kirkbridge White, Duchess of Old- 

 enburgh, Fall Orange, Northern Sweet, Fall Wine, 

 Montre.il Beauty Crab, Transcendant Crab, White 

 Pippin, Paradise Winter Sweet, Ben Davis, R. I. 

 Greeniug. 



FOR CENTRAL ILLINOIS. 



For Market. — Early Harvest, Golden Sweet, 

 Maiden's Blush, Bailey's Sweet, White Winter 

 Pearmain, Domine, Winesap, Ben Davis, Willow 

 Twig, Rawle's Janet, Newtown Pippin, (on lime- 

 stone soils, with high cultivation.) 



Family Use. — Yellow June, Early Harvest, Sweet 

 June, Red Astrachan, Keswick Codlin, Golden 

 Sweet, Ram>deirs Sweet, American Summer Pear- 

 main, Benoni, Bed June, Maiden's Blush, Fall 

 Wine, Buckingham, Bailey's Sweet, Fulton, Hub- 

 bardston. Nonesuch, Fall Swaar, (of the West,) 

 Snow, Domine, Jonathan, Pryor's Bed, Swaar, 

 W^hite Winter Pearmain, Roman Stem, Peck's 

 Pleasant. Esopus Spitzeriburi;h, Winesap, Ben Da- 

 vis, Rawle's Janet, Newton Pippin, (on limestone 

 soil;:,) White Bellflower, Lady Apple. 



For Trial. — Early Joe, Downing's Paragon, 

 Rome Beauty, Ladies' Sweet, Sweet Romanite, 

 White Pippin, Nickajack. 



LIST FOR SOUTHERN ILLINOIS. 



For Market — Early Harvest, Red Astrachan, 

 Red June, Yellow Bellflower, Rawles' Janet, Wine- 

 sap, Newtown Pippin, Pryor's Red. 



Family Uxe. — Early Harvest, Large Yellow 

 Boush, American Summer Pearmain, R.iwles' Jan- 

 et, Yellow Bellflower, Pryor's Red, Newtown Pip- 

 pin, White Winter Pearmain, Buckingham 



For 2'rial. — Yellow June, Sinequanon, Benoni, 

 Porter, Rome Beauty, Willow Twig, Nickajack. 



Had the above list been discussed, it would prob- 

 bly have been somewhat modified, but it now stands 

 on simply the reports or recommendation of the 

 several committees. The reasons for not discuss- 

 ing thi-i, are found in the fact that over flve hun- 

 dred circulars are out asking for lists for the above 

 purposes. Returns have been made from thirty- 

 six counties, and it is expected that the whole 

 State will be represented. These list? will appear 

 in the transactions, and must prove highly valua- 

 ble. Dr. Warder has his Western Fruit Book near- 

 ly ready. It was therefore decided to leave the 

 apple list in this shape at present. 



Orchardists have quit planting everything that 

 the nurserymen are disposed to send them, and 

 now demand certain varieties only. Of these 

 choice varieties, the nurseries are pretty well ex- 

 hausted, and they cannot be purchased below the 

 usual retail prices, even when wanted by the thou- 

 sand. 



Two different apples have been sent from the 

 south part of the State, under the name of White 

 June, one of which is Kirkbridge White. . The 

 former is the first ripe, but is a dry fleshed apple, 

 only valuable for its earliness. 



PEAK BLIGHT. 



This subject was now taken up and considerable 

 talk had over it, a portion of which we give : 



Dr. Schroeder — trees near wells ; over drains ; 

 in all condition of shelter blight more or less. He 

 believed that the cause to be a species of itch 

 (scabius) that affected the bark. He would call it 

 tree itch. 



Colman — We must look for a remedy, the dis- 

 ease is inherent Ukc the whooping-cough in chil- 

 dren ; he would cut back, and thinks root pruning 

 would prove valuable. Dr. Long is in error in 

 planting on poor soils. It won't do; he plants in 

 rich, well prepared, and thoroughly cultivates ; 

 succeeds well in his land, which is a heavy clay. 

 Hu.^mann has had good success with the pear on 

 high land, and moderately so on bottom or low 

 lands. He thinks to maintain the health of the 

 pear, it should be cultivated early in the season, 

 and to stop the growth as early in the latter part 

 of the growing season as it is possible, in this way 

 the wood lipens up freely, and the trees winter 

 well. What we fear most is a late growth, as that 

 leaves the wood in a bad condition to enter the 

 winter, and the result is blight. He never culti- 

 vates very high nor late in the season ; cuts back 

 in summer when the growth is too rampant. On 

 the high land the crop is certain, as tliat of the 

 apple — has annual crops. 



Dr. Clagget would corroborate Mr. Husmimn. 

 The rampant growing pears suffer most, but this 

 damage depends on the condition of things. A late 

 growth sometimes escapes, while at other times a 

 different result follows. 



He had paid some attention to Mr. Pettengill's 

 theory of cutting off the outside bark of the pear 

 tree, and in many instances with good results, and 

 he believed that there was value in it. Thinks 

 there are two kinds of blight, one of which is frost 

 or frozen sap blight, and which is the more com- 

 mon. It appears in all situations, though some vari- 

 eties are more liable than others. 



Seckel and Winter Nellis are more hardy than 

 most pears. The summer blight is another thing, 

 but not so common ; can see the blight in the bark 

 by the patches of d^^a.d dermis, which should he 

 shaved off at once, and in most cases will save the 

 tree. He finds pears very profitable, notwith- 

 standing the blight ; cultivates high and manures. 



Johnson, of Adams county, had grown the Cath- 

 erine peai- for severiil years ; had scraped off the 

 outside bark, derm.is, and applied a paint of lamp- 

 black and spirits of turpentine with the be?t re- 

 sults, as all the trees revived and are bow healthy. 



Douglass does not think the blight caused b\ the 

 itch, as alleged by Dr. Schroeder ; it is in the »ir- 

 culation, and the skin. Believes in s'opping 

 growth in July. This will save it from winter in- 

 jury. Underdraining is valuable. 



Bryant had suffered from the blight more or less 

 for the past twenty years. He had, at diffei ent 

 times, different theories on the subject, but n. w he 

 confessed he knew nothing of it ; he did not think 

 that any progress had been mnde in thi.- directi- n. 

 He should continue to plant dwarf pears ; give 

 them good culture so as to get as much fruit f. cm 

 them as poshible before they die with the blight. 



Galusha would check the growth by sowing 

 oats, the latter part of summer, thickly about his 

 trees. 



