1864. 



THE ILLINOIS FARMER. 



215 



In planting puts the vines in the bottom of deep 

 holes and fills up gradually by cultivation. Thus 

 the ground is warmer about the newly set roots, 

 and the cut-worm, which works at the surface is 

 foiled. Lays down this year's growth for layers 

 about the first of July. Regards such layers as 

 good almost, as from old wood. Plows ground 

 twenty-four inches deep by a subsoil plow follow- 

 ing common plow and bringing the sub-soil to the 

 surface. 



J. E. Starr believes that letting the lateral grow 

 may produce a stockier and stronger plant. 



Dr. Hull would permit laterals to grow for fruit. 

 This year his Catawbas are producing fruit on the 

 laterals, when the true fruit buds are killed. Rubs 

 off the two leaves next the main stalk, as he be- 

 lieves they are competitors with the fruit. Rubs 

 outgrowth at fruit joints for the same reason. — 

 Would plant vines and all fruits deep to avoid the 

 effects of drought and the too sudden effect of 

 moisture after drought upon the fruit. The growth 

 of tree and fruit, when planted shallow, is checked 

 and incited with injurious rapidity. 



Mr. Hiiggins presented sections of peach trees 

 that had passed through the winter of 1855-6, and 

 of trees grown since that time. The first showed 

 a distinct ring of rotten wood about that season 

 from which younger trees were free. Also sec- 

 tions showing a new growth of the present year, 

 already made over the discolored wood killed by 

 the freeze of January 1st. 



The place of next meeting was referred to the 

 Committee with power to act. 



It was voted in case the day appointed for any 

 meeting prove stormy, the meeting be held the 

 succeeding day. 



Present at this meeting, Messrs. E. S. Hull, J. E. 

 Starr, J. A. Barr, Geo. R. Colby, F. Curtis, J. Cur- 

 tis, D. E. Brown, J. Huggins, J. Snedecker, Dr. 

 Buffington, S. B. Johnson, Dr. H. N. Roberts, Rev_ 

 Mr. Johnson, J. M. Day, C. Merriman, H. G. Mc- 

 Pike, Jas. Newman, N. Niles, Geo. C. Eisenmayer, 

 Mr. Tucker, Holmes and others. Also Mrs. Starr, 

 Fearson, Brown, Curtis, Johnson, Newman, Dim- 

 mock, Roberts and others. 



After the transaction of business a very brief 

 examination could be made of the grounds at Mt. 

 Eminence. Mr. Sta.rr came here hut two years 

 since, yet he has already set some 20O apple trees, 

 principally Newton, Pippiu, Janet and Winesap, 

 with some Rome Beauty and Ben Davis, 2,300 

 peach trees, about 500 pear, 200 cherry and 400 

 grape vines, embracing 30 varieties, but mainly 

 Concord and Catawba. The growth of the Dela- 

 ware here in trenched ground has already been 



in some instances over six feet the present season, 

 and betokens great congeniality in soil and cli- 

 mate. 



The estate of Mt. Eminence comprises some 400 

 acres, 100 of which are in cultivation, a part for 

 the period of thirty years. Some peach trees are 

 yet living of an orchard set in 1832. The point i8 

 highest ill the range of Illinois bluffs between AJ- 

 ten and Grafton, and commands a wide exte"nt of 

 beautiful landscape. Far inla-.^d are seen the tow- 

 ersjof Monticello Seminary, anl over the river the 

 houses and church of the ancient village of Port- 

 age de Sioux, backed by fertile fields of grass and 

 grain, with the distant waters of the Missouri be- 

 yond. 



Geologically the cliffs are an older formation 

 than those below the mouth of the I'iasa, and pre- 

 sent quite a different aspect, being turreted by the 

 action of water, and crowned with varied and beau- 

 tiful forests. , . •: 



The Grape Culturist — "We have before ealled 

 the attention of our readers to this valuable work. 

 Since then we have given it a careful reading and 

 can add our testimony to its practical value. 



Every person engaged in grape culture even on 

 a small scale, should have a copy. Address 0. S. 

 Fuller, Brooklyn, New York. 



TuENiP Seed. — A writer in the Canada Farmer 

 gays that he has sown turnip seed for 23 years, 

 and has annually proved its vitality by first sowing 

 a hundred seeds" in a flower pot. The result has 

 invariablv been from 96 to 100 plants from J 00 

 seeds ofone year oh). He now has sixtv-eight 

 plants from 100 seed gathered in 1856, against 

 68 per cent of vitality in turnip seed eight weeks 

 old. 



. -91 ■'-.''' 



Oiling Implements. 



Many agricultural implements may be worked 

 with a much less amount of force by lubricating 

 the journals and other parts where two metals 

 work against each other, with a proper kind of oiL 



The object of lubrication is to overcome friction 

 by filling the space between any two surfaces, sup- 

 posed to be in contact with oil or other material, 

 so as to prevent the metals from abrading each 

 other. 



When common oil is used, this object is attained 

 but in degree, and in agricultural implements 

 which are occasionally out of use the effect cf time 

 is to render the oil gummy and adhesive. 



All this may be avoided by u*ing cold pressed 

 speara oi", such as does not stiffen in cold weather, 

 and is fre'e from albumen and other impurities. 



In warm weather lard may be used with good ef- 

 fect. 



Transactions of the State Horticultueal So- 

 ciety FOR 1863. — This booklet contains one hun- 

 dred and forty-seven pages of highly valuable mat- 

 ter. The Corresponding Secretary, under whose 

 supervision the work appears, is entitled te the 

 thanks of fruit growers and gardeners for the large 

 amount of time and talent that he has devoted to 

 it. We could add to the value of our pages by 

 liberal extracts from the wosk. but as every fruit 

 grower and gardener should have a copy, 

 have, we will be content to call attention to the 

 fact that it is now ready for safe by A. C. Flagg, 

 Secretary, Alton, 111.,- at 40 cts. by express in pa- 

 per, by mail 60 cts. In muslin by express j;^ cts., 

 by mailj90 cts. 



