22 rilK K !■: ACK l\ CANADA. 



iiclivi' 1111(1 Noluiiiiiinus of Anicricfm f^jliicinlists* iiddiici's a 

 Iniii,' aiiiiy (if citnliiiiis t'loiii (Jrikic, W'dcickkitll', Wiiiclii'll, 

 (lillMTl, Aii(li'(!\vs, \Viin;lii, Mackiutosli, Lo^'an, Spencer 

 and (itlieis (111 facts .sliowiiij,' the recency of I lie ^'laciul 

 iij^'O, wliicli li(! holds coiiM not ha\(' Iteeii more remote 

 from onr time than from 7,000 to 10,001) years. Ho 

 further conchides, from the ohser\ati(»ns of Dr. (1. M. 

 Dawson and others, that " the cause of thi' ^dacial period 

 was j;reat upHfts of the ^daciated areas," accompanied and 

 foUowed hy ureat iuid um!(|ual suhsideiice ; and he hrilit^s 

 evi(h'iice to show that the [)as.sa^f(^ of the e(piatorial 

 current into thi' Pacific, in cou.seipu'iice of the suhsidc^nco 

 of Central America, diverted the warm wateis of tl»e 

 (Julf Stream from the Athmtic. Claypoh', in a ri^view of 

 the Astronomical Theory,f adduces a (.^reat numher of 

 facts in evidence of the recency of the <^dacial period and 

 of its origin from terrestrial causes. In a later ]»aper,* 

 in which he endeavours to harmonise the doctrines of 

 threat ice-sheets and local glaciers, he admits that the 

 evidence from hoth Europe and North America "opjioses 

 the theory f»f a great polar ice caj) while favouring that of 

 a numher of separate radiants." 



The great subsidence of the pleistocene period is 

 emphasised liy recent discoveries of high-levcd glacial 

 gravels in England, which are described by Mr. A. C. 

 Nicliolson, and which show a dejjression in that country 

 to the level of more tiian 1,300 feet.§ 



* American fJeologist, December, 1890. 

 t Trans. Ed. (^eol. Society, Vol. V. 

 X "Glacial Radiants," American (Jeologist, 1889. 

 § "High Level Gravels at Gloppa," Journal Geological Society, 

 February, 1892. 



