THE SUCCKSSION OF DEPOSITS. 



2U 



CANADIAN PLEISTOCENE. 



; 



(a) Post-glacial deposits, river \ 

 alluvia and gravels, peaty r 

 deposits, lake bottoms, etc. '' 



(h) Saxicava sand and gravel, > 

 often witli numerous travelled 

 boulders (upper boulder <le- 

 posit), probably the same 

 with Algonia sand, etc., of 

 inland districts. 



(c) Upper Leda clay, and pro- ^ 



bably Saugeen clay * of 

 inland distiicts ; clay and 

 sandy clay, in the lower St. 

 Lawrence, with numerous 

 marine shells. 



(d) Lower Leda clay; fine clay, 

 often laminated, and with a 

 few large travelled boulders, 

 probably ecjuivalent to Erie 

 clay t of inland districts. 



(e) Lower stratified sands and 



gravels (.Syrtensian deposits 

 of Matthew).]: 

 (/) Boulder clay or till ; hard 

 clay, or unstratified sand, 

 with boidders, local and 

 travelled, and stones often 

 striated and polishe<l. 



Renuiins of M ' idon and A7- 

 phdH, modern fresh-water shells. 



Shallow-water fauna of boreal 

 cliaracter, more especially Saxi- 

 aira ri((josa and its varieties. 

 Bones of whales, etc. 



Holds in eastern Canada a 

 marine fauna identical witii that 

 of the northern part of the gulf 

 of St. Lawrence at present ; and 

 locally affords remains of a boreal 

 flora. 



Holds Leila (Portland'ui) (irctka 

 and sometimes Tel/iiia ijroenlan- 

 (lira ; and seems to have been 

 deposited in very cold and ice- 

 laden water. 



Tiiese i-epresent land surfaces 

 and sea and coast areas immedi- 

 ately posterior to tlie boulder clay. 



In the lower St. Lawrence region 

 holds a few marine shells of arctic 

 species. Farther inland is non- 

 fossilferous, but has usually the 

 chemical characters of a marine 

 • deposit. 



Note. — Vs^ith reference to this table, I wish it to be distinctly 

 understood that it covers the whole pleistocene deposits as known in 

 Canada, and that division (/) corresponds to the older boulder clay 

 and {h) to the upper boulder deposit, which is the more extensively 

 spread of the two. 



* Geology of Canada, 18(32. 



t Supplement to Acadian Geology, 1878. Notes on Post-pliocene 

 of Canada : Canadian Naturalist, Vol. VI., 1871. 



X In the province of Quebec beds of this kind in some places 

 underlie the boulder clay. 



