44 THE ICE A(iE JN CANADA. 



})iirti('\iliir ]»liU'(' the stiiae jioiiit west of its mass. This, 1 

 have no hositati(t ; in sayinu', is tlic (loniiiiant dircctiou in 

 the St. I.awn'nc'o valU^y, and it certainly ))oints to the 

 action of the arctic current jtassing up the valU'y in a 

 ])eri()(l of suhineri^'euce. Further, it is the houlder-clay 

 connected with this S.W. striation that has hitherto 

 ])ro\('d most rich in marine shells. 



If, howcNer, we ])ass from the St. I.,awrcnce valley up 

 the valleys whicji open into it from the north, as for 

 example the ,u,'orj4e of the Sa^ueiiay, the Murray liay river, 

 or the Ottawa river, we at once iind a sti'iation nearly at 

 ri^t^ht an<;les to the formei', or ]ioiiitiii^ tt» the south-east. 



At the mouth of the Sa^n'uena\-, near Moulin IJode, are 

 striae and _u,i(»ovt's on a mat^'uilicent scale, some of the 

 latter hein,L;' ten feet wide and foiii' feet dee]), cut into 

 hard t^neiss. Their course is X. 10 W. to X. 20" W. 

 magnetic, or N. ."lO to 40' AV. when referred to the true 

 meridian. In the sanu.' re,uion, on hills ."iOO feet hiu'h, are 

 rochcs moutonni'CH with their smoothest faces pointing- in 

 the same direction, or to the north-west. This direction 

 is that of the valley or Lidruc of the Sayuenay, which 

 enters nearly at i'it;ht anyles the valley of the St. 

 Lawrence. At the mouth of the Saguenay the Lark 

 Shoals constitute a mass of debris and l)oulders, both 

 inside and outside of which is very deep water; and many 

 of the frao;ments of stone on these shoals must have been 

 carried down the Saguenay more than fifty nnles. 



In like manner at ^Murray liay there are striae on the 

 Silurian limestones near Point au I*i((ue, which run about 

 N. 45° W., but these are crossed by another set havinji; a 

 course S. oO' AV., so that we have here two sets of 

 markings, the one pointing upwards along the deep valley 

 of JMurray liay river to the Laurentide hills inland, the 



