116 THK ICK ACiE IN CANADA. 



boulilcrs from tho baiik.s otl' the Aineriean coast, from 

 vvhic'li I had ]>revioii.sIy recorded travelled stones taken 

 up by tiu^ hooks of fishermen which became fixed on 

 organisms growin_i( on them. Off the ends of the (Jreen- 

 land <^daciers in liaflin's bay and elsewhere, such dejKjsit.s 

 must be proceedinj,' on a f^n^'antic scale. The Keports of 

 the " C.'hallenj^fer " show, as already stated, that over vast 

 oceanic areas lyin*,' to the north of the antarctic continent, 

 deposits of stones and other debris falling' from ice are so 

 abun''ant as 'oo mask the organic accumulations. In like 

 manner immense deposits of submarim; inoriLranic matter 

 are bein<4 de))osite(l in the arctic seas in the track of the 

 icebergs and tlie drift floe-ice. 



If now we turn to the IMeistocene accuniidations on the 

 land, I have shown that throughout the vall(?y of the 

 lower St. Lawrence the old till or liouldcr-chiv contains 

 marine shells, and in the ovei'lying deposits, the upper 

 Leda clay and Saxieava sand, these are extremely abun- 

 dant. I)oth of these deposits contain far-travelled 

 boulders often of great si/e, and these have been carried 

 to great heights. On ^lontreal mountain marine shells 

 occur at an elevation of neaily GUO feet, and at a still 

 greater height Ixmlders which have been derived from the 

 Laurentian highlands to the north. On still higher 

 terraces, up to 1,200 feet, from Lal)rador* to the foot of 

 lake Ontario, there arc shore beaches and l)oulders, 

 though in the west they have nijt afforded marine shells. 



To the southward, ITpham has found marine shells in 

 the boulder-clay near P)Oston up to an elevation of 200 

 feet.^f- It is true this is in Drundins or detached iiills, 



* Richardson. 



t Ain. Journal of Science, May, 1889. 



