1(;l> tfie ice age in Canada. 



are considered. This polishing must liave l)eeii ert'ected 

 by rul)l)ing witli tlio s.aiid and loam in whicli they are 

 embedded. Tliese boulders are not usually lart^e, though 

 some were seen as nnu'h as five feet in length. The boul- 

 ders in this de[)osit are almost universally of the native 

 rock, anil must have been produced by the grinding of ice 

 on the outcrops of the harder l)eds. In the eastern and 

 middle portion of the island, only tliese native rocks were 

 seen in the clay, with the exception of pebbles of quartzite 

 whicli may have Itccn 'lerived from the Triassic conglom- 

 erates. At Cami)belltoii,in the western part of the island, 

 I observed a bed of boulder-clay filled with l)oulders of 

 metamorphic rocks similar to those of the mainland of 

 Xew ])ruiiswick, to the southward of this locality. 



Striae were seen only in one place on the north-eastern 

 coast and at another on the south-western. In the former 

 case their direction was nearly S.W. and X.E. In the 

 latter it was S. 70 E. 



No marine remains were observed in the boulder-clay ; 

 but at Canip1)ellton, above tlie boulder-clay already men- 

 tioned, there is a limited area occupied with beds of 

 stratified sand and gravel, at an elevation of about fifty 

 feet above the sea, and in one of the beds there are shells 

 of TvJlina GnvnJandica. 



On the surface of the country, more especially in the 

 western part of the island, there are numerous travelled 

 boulders, sometimes of considerable size. As these do not 

 appear in situ in the boulder-clay, they may be supposed 

 to belong to a second or newer boulder-drift similar to 

 that which we shall find to be connected with the Saxicava 

 sand in Canada. The.se l)ouIdc;*s being of rocks foreign to 

 Prince Edward Island, the i^uestion of their source 

 becomes an interesting one. Willi reference to this, it 



