INTRODUCTION, 83 
* Listera kashmiriana— Kashmir. 
T microglottis—Mussoorie range. 
t Aphyllorchis Gollani— Сатуу]. 
+ Pogonia Mackinnoni—Mussoorie range. 
Gastro:lia orobanchoides—Garhwil to Kashmir. 
Orchis Stracheyi— Kumaon. 
Herminium Duthiei—Kumaon and Brit. Garhwál. 
Habenaria longifolia—Dehra Dun. 
—pubescens—Dehra Dun and Garhwál. 
—— ——arcuata—Kumaon. 
Information regarding the distribution of the Western Himalayan orchis at 
different altitudes above the level of the sea will be found under each species. The 
following is an abstract giving the number of species found within each zone:— 
Restricted to the sub-tropical zone ... e ы BB 
Extending from the sub-tropical into the temperate zone .. 16 
Restricted to the temperate zone 9 ve s. 90 
Extending from the temperate to the alpine zone 45103 
Restricted to the alpine zone 6 - «ic^ BE 
In regard to the flowering seasons of the W. Himalayan species, although 
there is no single month of the year during which one or more species may not be 
found in flower, there are, however, three distinct flowering periods, viz., (1) before 
the rainy season, ñe., from March to June; (2) during the rainy season; (3) after the 
rainy season, $.е., from the middle of September and onwards. The species wbich 
come into flower during the first period are:—Dendrobium | amoenum and candidum 5 
Bulbophyllum  polyrhizum; Cirrhopetalum maculosum; Pachystoma senile ; Eria flava; 
Celogyne cristata, ochracea and elaia; Calanthe tricarinata, Мапи and planiaginea ; 
Eulophia explanata, campestris and Hormusjii; Doritis tenialis; Luisia trichorhiza and 
teretifolia ; Vanda pariflora and cristata; Saccolabium calceolare and distichum ; Pogonia 
Mackinnoni and Gammieana; Cephalanthera ensifolia; Epipactis | consimilis ; Spiranthes 
australis (at the lower elevations) and autumnalis ; Zeuxine sulcata; Habenaria Grifithii ; 
Cypripedium cordigerum. Those of the third period, which come into flower after the 
rainy season, are:—Oberonia Falconeri, ensiformis and pachyrachis; Liparis cordifolia and 
longipes; Cælogyne ovalis; Cymbidium Mackinnoni, cyperifolium and giganteum; Habenaria 
plantaginea. Тһе flowering of Cymbidium Mackinnoni in mid-winter near Mussoorie at 
an elevation of about 5,000 feet, and within the region of heavy snowfall, is 
remarkable, An allied species, С. cypertfolium, is found also in similar situations but 
always under the shelter of trees, where it comes into flower during March and 
April, though in Sikkim this species is said to flower in November. ©. giganteum 
flowers during November and December. I am, therefore, inclined to regard both 
C. cyperifolium and Mackinnon: as late-flowering species of the previous season. 
* Not previously published, 
+ Published in Joun. As. Soc. Beng. lxxi (1902), Part i, pp. 87—46. 
1 Mierostylis muscifera; Goodyera repens; Orchis latifolia, О. Chusua, О. spathulata; Habenaria Aitchissni var, 
Josephi, Н. Elisabethe; Herminium Monorchis, H. Duthiei, H. congestum. 
S Goodyera fusca, Habenaria urceolata, Herminium pugioniforme. 
Ann. Вох. Bor. Garb., Catc., Vor. IX. 
