P 
T. Coan on the Eruption at Hawaii. 241° 
lateral outlets, or burst again to the surface by raising the super- 
incumbent crust into ten thousand tumuli, cracking it in every 
crags. ‘The process is somewhat like that of a superabundant 
channels under vast fieids of ice; allowing, of course, for the 
where the angle of slope was small, say 1°. Here its progress 
ecame slow, it spread more widely, and refrigeration was more 
tapid, The surface, of course, hardened first. But this refrigera- 
and extended higher and higher up the mountain, until at length 
all the lava was covered except at occasional vents—as heretofore 
movements, as it pushed sullenly along over the rocks, through 
the jungle and into the mud, the pools, and water courses. he 
Process of breaking up vertically and spreading out afresh upon 
the hardened crust, was occasioned by obstructions at the end of 
the stream, damming up the liquid, and thus obliging the accu- 
ihulating lavas to force new passages and outlets for disgorge- 
ment. In this way the stream was widened by lateral out- 
gushings, divided into several channels, swayed to the right and 
* . 
» {nd raised to great heights by pushing up from below, an 
. 
“ping mass after mass upon what had Leen its upper stra- 
liantly at the end, it would suddenly harden and cool, “and for 
eral days remain inactive. At length, however, immense 
n capped—domes 
> Week—hilla and ridges of scoria move anil clink—immense slubs 
Of lava are raised vertically or tilted in every direction, while a 
SECOND SERIES, Vou. XXII, NO. 65,—SEPT., 1856. 
31 
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