260 
DR. HOOKER ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF ARCTIC PLANTS. 
Thalictrum, Delphinium, Impatiens, P 
a 
Chrysosp lenium, Parnassia 
Bupleurum, Uieracleum, Viburnum, Valeriana, Artemisia, Vaccmmm, Rhododendron, 
Pedicular is, and Salix, are all arctic genera found on the tropical mountains of Asia 
(Nilgliiri, Ceylon, Java, &c), but not yet in the south temperate zones of Asia, and very 
few of them in Temperate South Africa. 
There are, however, a considerable number of Scandinavian plants which are not found 
in the Alps of Middle Europe, though found in the Caucasus, Himalaya, &c. ; and con- 
there are several Arctic Asiatic and American plants found in the Alps of Cen- 
tral Europe, but nowhere in Arctic Europe. In other words, certain species extend 
from Arctic America through Central Asia and North India to Central Europe, which 
do not extend from Arctic America westward to Arctic Europe; and there are cer- 
tain other species which extend from Arctic Europe to the Caucasus and Central Asia, 
which do neither exist on the Alps of Central Europe nor extend eastward to Arctic 
* 
America : thus, 
Common to Arctic Europe and Temperate Asia, &c> but not to Alps of Europe 
Ranunculus nivalis. 
— hyperboreus. 
Trollius Asiaticus. 
Cardamine bellidifolia 
Parrya macrocarpa. 
arctica. 
Cornus suecica. 
Galium triflorum. 
Valeriana capitata. 
Nardosmia frigida. 
palmata. 
Naumbergia thyrsiflora 
Primula stricta. 
Sibirica. 
Draba alpina. 
muricella. 
hirta. 
rupestris. 
Eutrema Edwardsii. 
Silene turgida. 
Lychnis apetala. 
Sagina nivalis. 
Arenaria lateriflora. 
arctica. 
Stellaria borealis. 
humifusa. 
longipes. 
crassifolia. 
Rubus arcticus. 
chairwnemorus. 
Rosa blanda. 
Saxifraga rivularis. 
nivalis. 
flagellaris. 
bronchi alis. 
Ccenolophium Fischeri. 
Conioselinum Fischeri. 
Ligusticum Scoticum. 
Chaerophyllum bulbosum 
Chrysanthemum arcticum. 
Pyrethrum bipinnatum. 
Artemisia borealis. 
Antennaria alpina. 
Senecio frigidus. 
Ligularia Sibirica. 
Aster Sibiricus. 
Tataricus. 
Mulgedium Sibiricum. 
Campanula uniflora. 
Cassiopeia hypnoides. 
Cassandra calyculata. 
Diapensia Lapponica. 
Rhododendron Lapponicum 
Ledum palustre. 
Gentiana detonsa. 
Pleurogyne rotata. 
Myosotis sparsiflora. 
Eritrichium villosum. 
Gymnandra borealis. 
Castilleja pallida. 
Veronica macrostemon. 
Pedicularis Lapponica. 
hirsuta. 
Sudetica. 
Pinguicula villosa. 
Koenigia Islandica 
Betula alpestris. 
Salix lanata. 
myrtilloides. 
polaris. 
Picea orientalis. 
Larix Ledebourii. 
Platanthera obtusata 
Calypso borealis. 
Sparganium natans. 
Calla palustris. 
Luzula arcuata. 
Juncus biglumis. 
Carex glareosa. 
Norwegica. 
festiva. 
loliacea. 
fuliginosa. 
rariflora. 
livida. 
laxa. 
capillaris. 
salina. 
vulgaris. 
eaespitosa. 
■ aquatilis. 
globularis 
Blysmus rufus. 
