262 
DR. HOOKER ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF ARCTIC PLANTS. 
Even in this small area, however, there are two floras, corresponding to the Arctic 
Norwegian and Arctic Russian. The latter, commencing at the White Sea, though com- 
paratively excessively poor in species, contains 
arly twenty that 
not Lapp 
including Braya rosea, Dianthus alpinus and Seguieri, Spircea chamcedrifolia, Saxifraga 
hieracifolia, Hieracleum Sibiricum, Ligularia Sibirica, Ftarmica alpina, Gentiana verna, 
Pleurogyne rotate, and Larix Sibirica. 
There are further several Scandinavian plants which cross the arctic circle on the east 
shores of the White Sea, but do not do so in Lapland, as Athamcmta Libanotis, Chrysan- 
themum Leucanthemum, Bidens tripartita, and others. 
Iceland and Greenland also botanically belong to the Arctic Lapland province, but I 
have here excluded both : the former because it lies to the south of the arctic circle ; the 
latter because both its magnitude, position, and other circumstances, require that it should 
be treated of separately. 
As far as I can ascertain, 616 species / M <> n <>cotyledons . . 183 
Dicotyledons 433 
1:23) enter the 
arctic circle in this region, of which 70 advance into Spitzbergen ; but no phamogamic 
plant is found m lloss' Islet beyond its northern extremity. The proportion of genera 
to species 
016 1 : 2 
Of these Arctic-European plants, 453 cross the Alp 
Pyrenees to the Mediterranean basin, a few occur on the mountains of Tropical Afi.~ 
eluding Litzula campestris and Deschampsia ccespitosa), and 23 are found in South Afr 
fewer than 264 species do not enter the arctic circle 
longitude, and 
184 are almost exclusively natives of the Old World, or of this and of Greenland ; not 
land 5 m ^ Part ° f N ° rth America ; U are confin ed to Arctic Europe and Green- 
The following Arctic European plants are of sporadic occurrence in N. America : 
Mountain 
Arabis alpina, Greenland and Labrador. 
Lychnis alpina, Greenland and Labrador. 
Gentiana nivalis, Greenland and Labrador. 
Moun 
tains. 
tains. 
Moun 
Bartsia alpina, Greenland and Labrador. 
vtrna, Greenland, Arctic Islands, and 
Kocky Mountains. 
* 
AlchemiUa vulgaris, Greenland and Labrador. 
Gnaphahum sylvaticum, Greenland and Labrador. 
svpinum, Greenland, Labrador, and U. 
States Mountains. 
Vaccinium myrtillus, Rocky Mountains only. 
Cassiopeia hypnoides, Greenland, U. States Moun- 
tains, and Labrador. 
Phyllodoce taxifolia, Greenland, U. States Moun- 
tains, and Labrador. 
palustris 
ft 
O 
ifolia 
arbuscula, Greenland and U. States Moun- 
tains. 
Juncus trifidus, Greenland and U. States Moun- 
tains. 
Mou 
tains 
Mountain 
and Labrador. 
Calamagrostis lanceolata, Labrador. 
wlruTaT ^f '"A T lde ? We UUmW ° f Arctic Eur °P ea ° P^nts, which, in the Kw 
lumtatd Then? , ^ f t ***** " owhere fowid ^ East "*" these will be 
enumerated when treating of the Greenland flora 
